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Abstract Background Lung cancer is one of most common malignancies worldwide. Pain is one of the most prevalent symptoms in patients diagnosed with lung cancer. Many therapeutic modalities proposed to provide pain relief in those patients. Purpose: We aim in this study is to compare the safety and effectiveness of Thermal Radio Frequency of Dorsal root ganglion versus chemical dorsal rhizotomy (phenol) in treatment of chronic malignant thoracic pain. Methodology: We conducted a randomized clinical trial. We included patients between 18 and 65 years old, patients with chest pain due to lung cancer and patients who could not tolerate medical treatment. Patients were followed up to three months regarding VAS score, quality of life and quality of sleep and post-operative complications. Results: A total of sixty patients met our inclusion criteria (30 patients in TRF group and 30 patients in chemical rhizotomy group). Both groups showed great reduction on VAS score on the first day. But higher VAS score was reported in TRF group on day 1 (P value = 0.0001) and week after intervention (P value = 0.005). After one and three months, both groups scored the same on VAS score with no significant difference. Regarding patient{u2019}s quality of life, TRF group scored higher than chemical rhizotomy group at serial follow up of the patients. On assessment of post-operative complication, in chemical rhizotomy group, one case had dorsal back pain, and three cases had numbness while in TRF group, four cases had dorsal back pain and two cases had neuritis |