الفهرس 
Comparative pharmacognostical study on certain agave species cultivated in Egypt
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Abstract
Members of genus Agave are widely cultivated and has become naturalized in many parts of Africa and other temperate, sub-tropical and semi-arid regions of the world. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, ulceroprotective and antimicrobial activity of Agave species in relation to their metabolites fingerprint via a metabolome based ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC{u2013}MS) approach, as well as isolating the major constituents from the leaves of A.angustifolia var. marginata. In addition to performing a genetic profiling study for Agave species. The metabolomic differences among the examined Agave leaves viz. Agave americana Linnaeus, A. americana var. marginata Trelease, A. angustifolia var. marginata Gentry, A. desmettiana Jacobi, A. pygmaea Gentry were determined via a total of 56 annotated metabolites.The analysis revealed 25 steroidal saponins and sapogenins, 6 flavonoids, 2 homoisoflavonoids, 7 phenolic acids, 6 fatty acids and 3 fatty acid amides, some of which are reported for the first time in Agave. Metabolites heterogeneity was assessed among leaf taxa via multivariate data analyses for samples classification, showing that saponins is the major metabolite contributing to their classification. The carrageenan induced acute inflammatory rat model was used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of Agave extracts via monitoring of blood cytokine levels. Additionally, their effects on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats were evaluated