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Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM), sometimes known as simply diabetes, is a set of metabolic diseases defined by a persistently high blood sugar level. Frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger are its common symptoms. Diabetes, if left untreated, can lead to several other health issues. Diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemia, and mortality are all examples of acute complications. Cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic renal disease, foot ulcers, nerve damage, eye damage, and cognitive impairment are all serious long-term consequences. In 1936, the distinction between type I and type II DM was clearly made. Stem cells are important for living organisms due to their functions of homeostatic tissue maintenance and replacing dysfunctional and senescent cells. Given their remarkable regenerative capacities, stem cells are being applied in treatments for various diseases as a novel potential therapeutic intervention, which is also referred to as regenerative medicine. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treatment of induced type I and type II diabetic rats. The inflammatory cytokines levels during stem cell therapy were evaluated together with biochemical analysis |