الفهرس 
Title : Effect of Dopant Type on the Structural and Multiferroic Properties of GdFe1-xMexO3 Nanoparticles
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Abstract
Multiferroics{u2014}materials attract considerable attention, due to their fascinating physics properties. Multiferroic nanoparticles with the general formula GdFeO₃ was synthesized by citrate auto combustion technique. The investigated samples were classified into three groups. In the first group, the ferrite sample with the general formula of GdFe₁-{u0353} Me{u0353} O₃ (0.00 {u2264} x {u2264} 0.25) orthorhombic structure was adjusted in a controlled way by modifying the composition through the synthesis processes. In this group, XRD, FTIR spectra, HRTEM, Specific surface area SSA, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and magnetic properties were investigated. Additionally, the effect of pH values and the contact time on the adsorption progression were studied and optimized to obtain the maximum possible adsorption efficiency of the Gadolinium/cobalt sample. In Second group the electrical properties, optical properties, the Seebeck coefficient as well as antibacterial activity of GdFe1-{u0353} Me{u0353} O₃ (0.00 {u2264} {u00D7} {u2264} 0.25) were investigated. According to the obtained data from first and second groups, the composition GdFe₀.₉Co₀.₁O₃ was found to have the optimum values in the measured parameters. Consequently, the incorporation of Co²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Ag¹⁺ in GdFeO₃ perovskite structure with constant concentration (0.1) is the main issue in the third group. Finally, the obtained data demonstrates the crucial role of doping in improving the multiferroic properties, higher coercivity, as well as exchange bias and smaller entropy which would open up the possibility of using GdFe₁-{u0353} Me{u0353} O₃ in fabricating magnetic field sensors and in high-density recordings