الفهرس 
Title: Validation of Assessment of BMI-1 on Protein and Molecular Levels in Oral Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (A Diagnostic Study)
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Abstract
Background: B-cell{u2013}specific moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1(BMI-1), a member of the polycomb group (PcG) genes, is considered to be pivotal in regulating stemness-related genes involved in maintaining the self-renewal ability of stem cells by promoting chromatin modifications. BMI-1 also played a significant role in cancer etiology for its involvement in pathological progress such as epithelial{u2013}mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) maintenance, propagation, and differentiation. Aim of the study: is to detect BMI-1 immunohistochemical expression and assess its mRNA level in normal oral mucosa, different grades of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as well as to correlate BMI-1 expression on protein and gene levels with different grades of OED and OSCC to detect which of them is more reliable the gene or the protein level. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 archival paraffin embedded tissue samples divided into 3 groups: control, OED and OSCC. The OED group was further subdivided into (mild, moderate, severe) also the OSCC group was subdivided into (well, moderate, poorly differentiated) for immunohistochemical study and RT-PCR. Results: we found that the normal oral mucosa group showed scattered nuclear immunoexpression of BMI-1 localized to the basal and parabasal layers. In OED group, BMI-1 showed diffuse nuclear expression in addition to, cytoplasmic immunoexpression among all subgroups. In OSCC group, nuclear and cytoplasmic immunoexpression was also observed