الفهرس 
Urinary transferrin as a bio-marker for early detection of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic Egyptian patients
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Abstract
Background:- Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most important leading causes of chronic kidney disease and ESKD, albuminuria is still considered the earliest marker of DKD and because of its limited sensitivity and specificity, additional sensitive biomarkers are needed to detect DKD early and more accurately.Aim:-This study was carried out to: - Determine whether urinary transferrin can serve as an indicator of diabetic nephropathy.- To compare transferrinuria with albumiunuria as abiomarker of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. Methods: - Our study included 60 type 2 diabetic patients younger than 60 years old, with diabetes duration around 5 years and 60 controls. All of them subjected to thorough history taking, clinical examination fundus examination, and the following Laboratory tests: Fasting blood glucose, 2h post prandial blood glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile, uric acid, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and urinary transferrin.The patients were classified into three groups: normoalbuminuric (albumin excretion up to 30 mg/d) microalbuminuric (albumin excretion from 30{u2013}300 mg/d), and macroalbuminuric (albumin excretion >300 mg/d) and compared to the level of urinary transferrin and both (urinary transferrin and A/C ratio) as a markers of nephropathy were compared and correlated with all other parameters. Results:-Urinary transferrin level was significantly higher in patients compared to controls, the mean value of Urinary transferrin within patient group was 6.77±2.84 ng/ml and within control was 1.78±0.61 ng/ml and there was a statistically significant correlation in the urinary transferrin concentration in both microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric groups with no significant relation in the normoalbuminuric group with a significant P value (0.017)