الفهرس 
Effectiveness of ultrasound versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on postnatal breast engorgement
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Abstract
Introduction: Breast engorgement is a normal biological process that typically occurs within the first 3 to 5 days postpartum. Breast engorgement may result in swelling of the breast, hardness, aching, tenderness, and pain. Breast engorgement occurs in 72% to 85% of women. Conventional therapy currently available for this problem are therapeutic massage, application of cold and hot packs, administration of analgesics and use of binders.Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on postnatal painful breast engorgement. Subjects: Forty females diagnosed with breast engorgement participated in this study, they were selected randomly from Fakous General Hospital, Sharqia Governorate and they were divided into two groups equal in number. Group(A) (twenty patients) treated by ultrasound with conventional therapy in the form of moist heat and massage. group (B) (twenty patients) treated by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with conventional therapy. The interventions were carried out one session per day for 7 days for both groups (A&B). Materials and Methods: Visual analogue scale for assessing pain level, 6- point self-rated breast engorgement scale for assessing breast engorgement severity pre and post treatment. Results: There was a significant decrease in Visual analogue scale of both groups (A&B) post treatment compared with that pretreatment. Also, there was a significant decrease in 6-point self-rated breast engorgement scale of both groups (A&B) post treatment compared with that pretreatment. Also, there was no significant difference between both groups (A&B) post treatment