الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study assessed the impact of dietary supplementation of single-and
multi-strain
Bacillus-based
probiotics on growth performance, intestinal morphometry, blood
parameters, immune-oxidative
status and transcriptomic response of Nile tilapia for
60 days. Fish (N = 150, 1.632 ± 0.035 g) were allocated into five experimental groups:
(1) Control group (CG) that was fed on a basal diet; (2) Eco. 0.01%, received basal
diet with 0.1 g/kg Ecobiol; (3) Eco. 0.02%, received basal diet with 0.2 g/kg Ecobiol;
(4) Pro-F
FMC 0.001%, received basal diet with 0.001 g/kg Sanolife PRO-F
FMC; (5)
Pro-F
FMC 0.002%, received basal diet with 0.002 g/kg Pro-F-
FMC.
Fish received
Pro-F
FMC 0.002% displayed higher growth performance than CG (p < 0.05), while
Pro-F
FMC 0.001% exhibited the highest intestinal weight. Sanolife PRO-F
FMC supplementation
improved intestinal villi length and goblet cell number while decreased
inter-villi
space (p < 0.05). The best haemoglobin, haematocrit and monocyte per
cent were observed in Pro-F
FMC 0.001%, whereas Pro-F
FMC 0.002% revealed
the best leukocyte, lymphocyte and neutrophil contents. Pro-F
FMC-supplemented
groups showed better phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and lysozyme activity
than Ecobiol-supplemented
groups and CG. Pro-F
FMC 0.001% enrichment induced
the highest upregulation level of NPYα, AgRp-2,
ghrelin and GH-1,
whereas
Pro-F
FMC 0.002% significantly upregulated IGF-1
and IGF-2
gene expression. Eco.
0.02% induced the highest upregulation level of orexin and galanin gene expression.
Conclusively, dietary enrichment with single-or
multi-strain
Bacillus-based
probiotics
is likely to improve growth, immunological parameters and transcriptomic response of Nile tilapia.