الفهرس 
? Anatomy of the Breast and Latissimus Dorsi MuscleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women all over the world representing 18% of all women reported cases of cancer. It represents the leading cause of women mortality as representing 23% of all women cancer deaths.
According to the national cancer institute, breast cancer is the most common site of cancer in women in Egypt as it accounts for about 38.8% of total malignancies among Egyptian females; it is an important cause of mortality among women.
Following the diagnosis of breast cancer, the patient finds herself in a new and unfamiliar landscape. This creates different levels of stress that vary from patient to another. This stress is not only because of facing mortality but also surgical treatment of breast cancer may significantly and often permanently alter her perception of her physical, emotional, and sexual wholeness.
For 100 years, mastectomy reigned as the only treatment for breast cancer. Then, during the 1970s and 1980s, prospective randomized trials confirmed survival equivalency for breast conservation when compared with mastectomy for patients with tumors 5 cm or smaller.
During the last 30 years, there has been significant progress in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. This includes earlier diagnosis, better hormonal and chemotherapy, improved radiation therapy techniques, and an increased understanding of breast cancer biology and genomics. This progress has led to improved overall and breast cancer specific survival. In addition, it has yielded decreased rates of local recurrence after both mastectomy and breast conservation.
The role of BCS has recently been extended to allow conservation for large and multifocal tumours traditionally treated by mastectomy. Breast conservation therapy (BCT) which includes breast conservation surgery (BCS) and adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) is a standard protocol to achieve high local control with acceptable aesthetic outcomes.