الفهرس 
Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Female pattern hair loss is the most common form of non-scaring
alopecia in women. The onset may start at any age following adolescence and
the incidence increases with age to reach 65% of menopausal women. Pattern
hair loss in females can be emotionally distressing, effecting the quality of life
and it may lead to anxiety &depression.
Clinically, FPHL shows progressive thinning of hair over the
vertex while the frontal hairline is usually retained, with replacement of the
terminal follicle by vellus like follicles. Trichoscopy shows the typical hair
miniaturization.
The etiology is multifactorial including genetic factors, hormones,
oxidative stress &inflammation with aggravation of external aggressors.
Oxidative stress can occur in hair follicles (HFs) due to imbalance
between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and elimination. The
ability of hair follicles to maintain redox homeostasis requires efficient
antioxidant defense mechanisms. Nrf2 is a nuclear transcription factor that
has a powerful antioxidant role through the regulation of the production of a
battery of genes and enzymes.
The miniaturization process in FPHL is associated with inflammatory
lymphocytic infiltrate and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which act as a source
of ROS resulting in damage of nuclear lipid, proteins and DNA.
Activation of Nrf2 protects inductive fibroblasts in the dermal papilla,
maintain proliferation of matrix keratinocytes and prevents apoptosis.
This work aimed at investigating the possible association between FPHL
and serum Nrf2 and to assess the relationship between Nrf2 and oxidative
stress in studied patients.