الفهرس 
CHAPTER (1) INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Ground tie-beams are widely used to connect shallow foundations (isolated footings, combined, strip.. etc.). The primary purpose of ground tie-beams is to decrease the differential settlement between footings under applied load conditions. The scarcity of realistic design procedures for the ground tie-beams leads the foundation designers to rely on their experience and common local practices.
This paper studies the effect of ground tie-beams connected with isolated footing in a coupled structural model using PLAXIS 3D and MIDAS GEN (Finite element software). In the present study, both PLAXIS 3D (simulate soil as a 15-node 3D continuum model) and MIDAS GEN (simulate soil as a Winkler model) have been used to precisely determine straining action and settlements. A 3D model contains 9 footings with different dimensions connecting with 12 ground tie-beams with a constant depth and different widths Founded on three different types of soil (Very-Hard clay, Medium Dense sand, and Very Dense sand-gravel) have been developed and studied. To investigate the results, 60 models by PLAXIS 3D and 12 models by MIDAS GEN have been simulated.
The investigation resulted presents the difference in the settlement values between the PLAXIS 3D model and the MIDAS GEN model. A correction value was calculated to account for the effect of interference of stress of footings because of the rigidity of ground tie-beams and superstructure by adjusting elastic settlement values taking into consideration that the stresses of footing changed.