الفهرس 
Literature ReviewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Lake El- Burulus, Egypt’s second-largest coastal lake and wetland, has been suffering environmentally and economically for more than four decades, as a result of rapid urbanization and increased agriculture, aquaculture, and industrial activities. This resulted in a significant reduction in the lake’s area and severe degradation of its ecological system, including a decrease in fishing yield, posing serious socioeconomic challenges for local fisheries communities as well as affecting national fish production. One of the main problems in the lake is the
Pollution as the lake receive vast amounts of industrial, municipal and agricultural wastewater without treatment. Also The spread of aquatic plants which covers large areas of the lake.El Burulus lake suffer had High stages of eutrophication conducting from the extended nutrient influx from agricultural drains carrying a substantial amount of washed and leached fertilizers and pesticides.
The Egyptian government has recently undertaken significant efforts to rehabilitate and restore the northern wetlands and lakes in an effort to improve their environmental conditions and economic value. Among these efforts is El- Burulus Lake Rehabilitation Project. The project started in 2018 and especially covering the inlet and the eastern part of the lake and covers all lake areas. The main goal of this project is to improve the lake’s water quality and fish output production, by increasing water exchange between the lake and the sea through dredging and side protection works.
The main objective of the on-hand thesis is to develop updated hydrodynamic model for El-Burulus Lake by using most updated data.
The thesis also provides an updated study on the water quality conditions over El-Burulus Lake by carrying out a wide water sampling program that covers the entire perimeter of the lake with an emphasis on the most problematic areas. The main water quality parameters were measured and analyzed spatially in order to provide a quantitative assessment of the efficiency of the implemented rehabilitation and restoration works and provide recommendations for further improvement works. The results show that there was a significant improvement for the investigated water quality parameters over the lake inlet and the eastern part where the dredging works ,were carried out ,while less improvement was found over the western part.
Different scenarios (Eleven) to improve water circulation in the lake were proposed and examined using Mike 21 software. It was found that the construction of additional inlets to enhance the water exchange between the sea and the lake had the most significant impact on improving the circulation all over the lake.
Moreover, it was proved that the construction of shallow inlets (0.5 m deep) had better results in improving water circulation compared to deeper inlets.
It was found that the construction of inlet channels with medium width (300 m) caused better improvements.