الفهرس 
A pharmaceutical study for transdermal delivery of angiotensin II receptor antagonist drug
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Abstract
Nanocarriers (NC) are colloidal drug delivery systems that have a submicron particle size (PS). They have been extensively investigated in the past few decades as they have shown great promise in the area of drug delivery. Because of their high surface area to volume ratio, they have the ability to alter the basic properties and bioactivity of drugs. Improved pharmacokinetics, bio-distribution, decreased toxicities, improved solubility, stability, controlled release, and site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents are some of the benefits of using NC as a drug delivery system. Moreover, the physiochemical properties of NC could be tuned by altering their compositions, sizes and surface properties (surface charge, PEGylation, and coating).The overall goal of utilizing NC in drug delivery is to treat diseases effectively with minimum side effects.Telmisartan (TEL) belongs to the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which are a group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. TEL is referred to Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) II with low oral bioavailability.Transdermal drug delivery offers an alternative opportunity for protection of drugs from the first pass metabolism. In addition, the transdermal route might also improve the quality of life and is perfectly suitable for disorders like hypertension (HT), which requires continual action. Based on the aspects of both drug and disease consideration, transethosomes were developed as carriers for successful drug delivery. However, the skin is one of the tightest barriers in the human body due to the presence of stratum corneum (SC).Therefore, the primary goal of NC is to overcome this protective and effective barrier.For that purpose, transethosomes (TEs) and TEs augmented by iontophoresis were developed and investigated. Further, their potential use for transdermal drug delivery was evaluated