الفهرس 
Impact of Diabetes Type II on the Anti- Inflammatory Properties of Human Derived Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious chronic metabolic disorder. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory/anti-infammatory potential rendering them useful for treating inflammation-related disorders such as T2DM. However, the microenvironment of T2DM may affect their therapeutic potential. This study examined the impact of the diabetic milieu on the anti-inflammatory potential of AT-MSCs. Our data revealed a lower expression of CD200 and CD276 on diabetic AT-MSCs (dAT-MSCs) relative to non-diabetic AT-MSCs (ndAT-MSCs) as demonstrated by flow cytomety. qPCR showed upregulation of IL-1Ý associated with downregulation of IL-1RN mRNA expression in dAT-MSCs vs. ndAT-MSCs. ELISA analysis uncovered elevated levels of secreted IL-1Ý, TNF, and visfatin/NAMPT in dAT-MSCs, whereas IL-1RA and IDO levels were reduced. IFN-Þ priming induced an elevation in CD274 expression, IDO1 and IL-1RN overexpression and IL-1Ý downregulation in both groups. ELISA results were also evident in the secretome of dAT-MSCs upon IFN-Þ priming. In conclusion, T2DM milieu alters the immunomodulatory characteristics of AT-MSCs with a shift towards a proinflammatory phenotype which may restrain their autologous therapeutic use. However, IFN-Þ priming could be a useful strategy for enhancing their anti-inflammatory potential