الفهرس 
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Abstract
Since the currently escalating energy crisis made it a global demand to find new ways to either generate or save energy, so it was decided in this thesis to shed the light on “Steam” as one of the energy sources used in the oil industry. Observing the energy consumption in a Vacuum Distillation Unit (VDU) it was found that more than 50% of the Steam is being consumed in Vacuum Systems, which means that there is a room for potential improvement in energy consumption in this area through achieving a more efficient utilization of steam. To achieve this, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) will be implemented through using ANSYS FLUENT 2021 Software. With the help of ANSYS the steam ejector will be simulated to study the operating parameters that have the greatest impact on steam consumption in the vacuum system. Through this study the optimum operating range for this parameter will be defined, within which the efficient consumption of steam can be achieved. Through this study, the effect of the pressure and temperature of steam, as well as the back pressure on the steam ejector operation was evaluated and the following results were obtained: 1- reducing the steam temperature, leads to a decrease in Entrainment ratio and an increase in the consumption of steam. 2- In case of decreasing the motive steam pressure, this leads to an increase in Entrainment Ratio, which leads to a better use of steam consumption, but this leads to a decrease in the critical back pressure. 3- When the back pressure increases till it reaches a certain value ”critical back pressure” Entrainment Ratio start to decrease dramatically with any increasing in the back pressure value, which is considered as improper use of steam energy.