الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this framework, we tried to evaluate the effect of NHAP/CS and nBG on odontogenic differentiation and proliferation of hDPSCs.
The NHAP/CS and nBG were prepared and characterized by Nano Gate Company, Cairo. Egypt to confirm their shape, size and crystallinity phase.
Dental pulp tissue was collected and isolated from surgically extracted fully impacted immature “incomplete roots” 3rd molars from three young adult healthy patients 18-20 years old after written informed consent according to the guidelines of the ethics committee of our faculty at maxillofacial surgery department of faculty of dentistry, Ain Shams University.
The received samples (teeth) were immersed in PBS and antibiotics then transferred to Global labs, Cairo. Egypt.
For odontogenic differentiation and proliferation evaluation, hDPSCs were seeded with the tested compounds which were prepared in a suspension form at specific non cytotoxic concentration. Also cells were seeded with DMEM as a negative control group and another group of cells were seeded with odontogenic/osteogenic medium (OM) to simulate the physiologic clinical conditions.
Our results revealed that all the three tested nano-biomaterials exhibited a favorable condition for differentiation and proliferation of hDPSCs. Furthermore, NHAP/CS showed the statistically significant highest result amongst tested materials in both differentiation tests; ALP assay and immunofluorescence DMP staining. In proliferation test via Trypan blue stain and MTT assay, NHAP/CS showed significant results with nBG.
Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this in vitro study:
• All tested biomaterials exhibited favorable medium for odontogenic differentiation and proliferation of hDPSCs.
• NHAP/CS biomaterial showed the highest ability for differentiation of hDPSCs when compared to pure NHAP and nBG .This was evidenced by increasing DMP-1 stain and ALP activity
• NHAP/CS biomaterial showed the highest ability for proliferation of hDPSCs when compared to pure NHAP and nBG . This was proved by upregulated cell viability.