الفهرس 
Epidemiology of Renal CalculiOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: The use of Shock Wave Frequency (SWL) for the treatment of renal stones has brought a revolution in the field of urology. Not only has it decreased hospitalization duration and morbidity, but it has also shown to be cost-effective. SWL treatment is noninvasive, doesn’t require anesthesia, and may be done in outpatient settings. As a result, when it comes to treating renal and upper and middle ureteric stones, ESWL is still the best option.
Objective: To evaluate of the effect of shock wave frequency on treatment outcomes in terms of success and complication rates.
Methods: This is a prospective study conducted on 135 patients with renal stone planned to have ESWL sessions attending urology outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University and Misr University for Science and Technology hospitals. Patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic from age 18 years to 70 years old with renal or upper ureteric stone who are candidate for ESWL. Patients were assigned to 3 equal groups who received the same number of shock waves (3000 shock waves) with different shockwave frequency.
Results: The results revealed that there was no statistically significant difference found between the three studied groups regarding age, sex, BMI, side, site, size of stone and house field unit (density of stone). As regard sensation of pain during session, there was difference between patients’ groups where pain sensation increases as the frequency rate increase. But there was no statistically significant difference found between frequency 60 and frequency 90 groups regarding pain score. While there was statistically significant increase in the pain score in frequency 120 group than the other both groups 60/min and 90/min. There was no statistically significant difference found between the three studied groups regarding results of stone clearance.
Conclusion: Extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is still one of the most effective methods in treatment of upper urinary tract stones. It also remains the only truly non-invasive treatment in renal and upper ureteric stone diseases. There is evidence that modifying lithotripsy parameters like frequency of disintegration is strongly related to the outcome of the treatment. Intermediate shock wave frequency (90/min) is associated with highest success rate (95.3%) followed by the low frequency group (60 /min) and both are better in outcome than high frequency (120/min). With increasing the frequency of disintegration, duration of session decrease with pain sensation during the treatment increase. Highest shock wave frequency (120/min) is associated with lowest success rate as well as highest pain sensation during session.