الفهرس 
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Abstract
The concept of microbial ecological changes as a mechanism for preventing dental disease is an important concept, new methods such as probiotic approaches (i.e. whole bacteria replacement therapy) for decreasing of oral cavity pathogens must be investigated. A probiotic, is a live microorganism which beneficially affects the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. The concept of probiotic evolved from Elie Metchnikoff’s ideas that the bacteria in fermented products could compete with microbes that are harmful to host and are hence injurious to health.
• The study was designed to evaluate the effect of probiotic strain Lactobacillus on:
1. The count of Streptococcus mutans in saliva.
2. The plaque formation rate.
• This study included thirty children of both sexes divided into two groups:
A-group I: (Controlled Group)
A group of 15 children brushed their teeth two times a day.
B-group II: (Study Group)
A group of 15 children instructed to take Periobalance G.U.M lozenges once daily immediately following brushing and flossing. The lozenge must dissolve in the mouth which takes about 10 minutes. The children instructed not to brush their teeth and not rinse with antibacterial mouthwash immediately after the use of the lozenge for approximately 30 minutes. No dietary restrictions.
This study was conducted to assess the effect of probiotics on some cariogenic bacteria as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli and determining count of bacteria in saliva at different periods after probiotic consumption at (baseline, after 30 days and after 60 days), also measuring plaque formation rate by using plaque index.
The concept of microbial ecological changes as a mechanism for preventing dental disease is an important concept, new methods such as probiotic approaches (i.e. whole bacteria replacement therapy) for decreasing of oral cavity pathogens must be investigated. A probiotic, is a live microorganism which beneficially affects the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. The concept of probiotic evolved from Elie Metchnikoff’s ideas that the bacteria in fermented products could compete with microbes that are harmful to host and are hence injurious to health.
• The study was designed to evaluate the effect of probiotic strain Lactobacillus on:
1. The count of Streptococcus mutans in saliva.
2. The plaque formation rate.
• This study included thirty children of both sexes divided into two groups:
A-group I: (Controlled Group)
A group of 15 children brushed their teeth two times a day.
B-group II: (Study Group)
A group of 15 children instructed to take Periobalance G.U.M lozenges once daily immediately following brushing and flossing. The lozenge must dissolve in the mouth which takes about 10 minutes. The children instructed not to brush their teeth and not rinse with antibacterial mouthwash immediately after the use of the lozenge for approximately 30 minutes. No dietary restrictions.
This study was conducted to assess the effect of probiotics on some cariogenic bacteria as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli and determining count of bacteria in saliva at different periods after probiotic consumption at (baseline, after 30 days and after 60 days), also measuring plaque formation rate by using plaque index.