الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common condition, especially in postmenopausal women, but
it often remains undetected until fracture occurs. The World Health Organization(WHO) defines osteoporosis as a progressive systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture (WHO, 2020). It is a silent disease and can remain undetected until a fall, often low impact, which can
have devastating consequences. It can cause severe pain and disability and places significant burden on social care(Blackie, 2020).Pender’s health promotion model (HPM) is one of the widely used models to plan for and change unhealthy behaviors and promote health. Different studies have
highlighted the efficiency of this model to control unhealthy behaviors. The HPM is based on social cognitive theory according to which cognitive-perceptual factors(perceived benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy) influence engagement in health-promoting behaviors. Modifying factors (demographic characteristics, interpersonal influences, and behavioral factors) are considered to interact with each other to influence cognitive perceptual processes. The Pender’s HPM consists of variables that comprise the main part of the interventions. These components provide a rich source of
interventional content and strategies (Khodaveisi, 2017).Community health nurses, because of their unique relationship with clients and
their awareness of community problems and resources, occupy a pivotal role in
influencing women’s beliefs and practices for health promotion and illness prevention.Community health nurse, as educators of women about health issues, incorporate the health promotion and disease prevention aims to accomplish the primary goal of identifying and implementing behavioral and social interventions that are effective in motivating women to use preventive health services across the life span (Stanhope,2021).Purpose of study:Determine the effect of an educational intervention based on Pender health promotion model on osteoporosis preventive behaviors among employed womenMethodology:Design:A Quasi- experimental design was used (pre and posttest).Setting:A multistage random selection of Non-Medical Faculties at Menoufiya University.Menoufiya University consisted of 10 Non-medical Faculties and 5 of them were randomly
selected. These five Faculties were selected randomly by simple random selection by writing the names of the Faculties on a slip of paper and folded; then the researcher randomly drew five folded papers one at a time. The randomly selected faculties were
Faculty of Arts, Faculty of Low, Faculty of Commerce, Faculty of Education, and Faculty of Computer science.Sampling:-A convenience sample of 100 pre-menopausal women worked at the previously mentioned Faculties.Inclusion criteria-Employed women aged between 20-40 years old.-Level of education: At least can read and write well.Level of education: At least can read and write well.Exclusion criteria Participation in pervious training programs about osteoporosis preventive behaviors.Data collection instrument:The data of the study were collected using a Self-administered questionnaire.This questionnaire was modified by the researcher based on pertinent literature. The questionnaire contained two main parts; the first part was concerned with sociodemographic characteristics of studied women included age, level of education,place of residence, monthly income, number of family member and workplace. The second part was concerned with investigating the research hypotheses and included 7
sections including perceived benefits of exercise and healthy diet, perceived barriers of exercise, perceived self-efficacy of exercise and healthy diet, activity related-affect of exercise and healthy diet, interpersonal and situational influences toward preventive
behaviors of osteoporosis The main findings of the current study were:
The percentage of women with good knowledge in posttest increased to 90%
compared to 28.6 in pre-test regarding to defining osteoporosis and its related
risk factors. The percentage of studied women with good level of perceived benefits of exercise was improved to 92% at post-intervention compared to 56.76% at pre- intervention. The percentage of studied women with good level of perceived benefits of healthy diet was improved to 90.75% at post-intervention compared to 69.5% at pre-intervention.
There is highly decrease in the percentage of studied women with poor
perception to overcome barriers of practicing exercise in pre-intervention
73.63% compared to 39.56% in post-intervention. The percentage of studied women with good level of perceived self-efficacy of exercise was improved to 89.2% at post-intervention compared to 54.1% at pre-intervention. The percentage of studied women with good level of perceived self-efficacy of
healthy diet was improved to 87.33% at post-intervention compared to 64.67%
at pre-intervention. The percentage of studied women with good level of activity related -affect of
exercise was improved to 92.83% at post-intervention compared to 58.75% at
pre-intervention. The percentage of studied women with good level of activity related -affect of healthy diet was improved to 94.78% at post intervention compared to 69.11%
at pre-intervention. The percentage of studied women with positive interpersonal influences is significantly increased to 89. 7% at post-intervention compared to 51.22% at
pre-intervention. The percentage of studied women with the positive situational influences was
significantly increased to 92.06% at post-intervention compared to 58.7% at
pre-intervention.Conclusion The present study concluded that, the implementation of educational intervention based on pender health promotion model has positive consequences on improving women’s awareness and knowledge regarding defining osteoporosis and its related risk factors. In addition, the implementation of Pender health promotion model concepts including
perceived benefits of exercise and healthy diet, perceived barriers of exercise, perceived self-efficacy of exercise and healthy diet, activity related-affect of exercise and healthy
diet, overcoming interpersonal and situational influences toward preventive behaviors of osteoporosis has great effect on improving perceptions of studied women about preventive behaviors of osteoporosis Recommendations
Based on the results of the current study, it can be recommended that:-
For education:Incorporating of models in curriculum of under graduate nursing students may be beneficial in building their knowledge, attitude and skills.
For practice:Applying of educational intervention based on pender health promotion model can result in better clients’ outcomes.For further research:
Using Pender health promotion model as a base for nursing research can be good
guide in research process.Re applicability of the study at different settings including women across their life span.