الفهرس 
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a universal public health issue with a high economic burden among nations, the importance of which arises from its global increase in incidence and prevalence. In dialysis patients, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death. CVD affects more than half of hemodialysis (HD) patients, with a death rate 20 times higher than the normal population.
CV abnormalities in HD patients can be caused by factors that are not particular to renal disease (traditional) but are considerably more common, as well as those that are specific to HD (non-traditional), important factor of the latter is oxidative stress (OS).
Elevated oxidant levels and low antioxidant levels in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) play a significant role in the development of endothelial dysfunction, atherogenesis and CVD. F2-IsoPs are sensitive and accurate biomarkers in the assessment of lipid peroxidation and, thus, the assessment of OS. A deficiency in vitamin D is also suggested to be responsible for the generation of OS and CVD. Numerous studies have linked Vitamin D deficiency with increased arterial stiffness, vascular calcifications, stroke, LVH and mortality in CKD and HD cohorts. Despite the abundant observational evidence supporting the use of nutritional Vitamin D in HD cohorts, a clear causal relationship with outcomes has not been established.
Among dialysis patients, conflicting data exist concerning the relationship between HCV infection and OS. We studied the relationship between 25Vit.D level, HCV infection, and plasma 8-ISO-PGF2α as an OS marker in an Egyptian HD cohort.
One hundred and twenty ESRD patients on maintenance HD were initially recruited to the study but only 88 patients have met the inclusion and none of the exclusion criteria. Midweek pre-dialysis session blood samples were collected for the measurement of 25(OH) vitamin D, plasma 8-ISO-PGF2α, Hs-CRP, and iPTH. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the presence or absence of serum antibodies against HCV and their plasma 8-ISO-PGF2α were compared.