الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
SWL is performed in a wide range of indications, complication rate has always remained very low and usually limited to minor side effects and complications. [2]The best evidence to maximize SWL outcomes is through understanding of the basic physics of shock waves , case selection, optimal SWL technique ( positioning, coupling, dose escalation, number of shocks, and treatment rate) , and the use of post-SWL adjunctive treatments to maximize fragment passage is presented [4] Despite multiple studies done to determine the best frequency to achieve best disintegration, no definite date in the literature on which frequency is the best so we conduct this study for possibility to answer this question Aim of the study Study the Impact of different shock wave release frequencies 60,80 & 100 /min on disintegration of renal stonesPatients and methods This study approved by the Ethics Review Board of Asyut Faculty of MedicineA total number of 210 patients with mean age (40 +/- 15) years with renal stone who were candidate for SWL has been recruited from outpatient clinic of Assuit Urology and Nephrology Hospital from January 2019 through January 2020. Patients were assigned to 3 equal groups based on shockwave frequencyFirst group (70 pt.) underwent SWL with shock wave frequency of 60 shock waves per minute. Second group (70 pt.) underwent SWL with shock wave frequency of 80 shock waves per minute. Third group (70 pt.) underwent SWL with shock wave frequency of 100 shock waves per minute Using (DORNIER COMPACT DELTA 2) lithotripterDemographic data, Laboratory & imaging studies of the patients were recordedEach patient received NSAIDs (1amp) on normal saline infusion before starting the maneuver ,the patient positioned on supine position & stone localization by either fluoroscopy if radio-opaque or by Ultrasound if radio-lucent stone SWL session started by low voltage energy (1st level) then gradually increases the power of energy until reached (3rd level). The rate of increasing the voltage of the shock wave depended on the patient tolerability.Frequent check of stone location was done using fluoroscopy (by oblique or vertical) if stone radio opaque or ultrasound if radio-lucent stone, during the session we asked the patient about loin pain, its character & degree After the session has been finished, the patient was re-evaluated & discharged for follow up after 3 weeks with abdominal U/S & KUB.