الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: Surgical rhinoplasty has many complications such as intraoperative
bleeding, eyelid edema and ecchymosis, post-operative pain and these complications can lead to
post-surgical rhinoplasty dissatisfaction syndrome. Purpose: to determine the effect of
cryotherapy on recovery outcomes among patients undergoing rhinoplasty. Design: A quasi
experimental research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in the Plastic and Burn
Surgery Department at Menoufia University Hospital (Emergency Hospital), Menoufia governorate,
Egypt. Sample: A consecutive sample of 60 adult patients of both sexes who undergoing
surgical rhinoplasty and fulfill the inclusion criteria was selected. They randomly assigned
into two equal groups (study & control group) 30 patients for each. Instruments of the
study: Five instruments were used in data collection; 1) A Structured Interviewing
Questionnaire, 2) Intra-operative surgical field bleeding grading scale, 3) Visual Analogue
Pain Scale (VAS), 4) The modified “Surgeon Periorbital Rating of Edema and Ecchymosis
(SPREE)” questionnaire, 5) The Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction (SAPS). Results:
The results revealed that, the study group achieved statistically significant improvement than
control group regarding all the recovery outcomes (P value <0.001) after implementation of
cryotherapy. Conclusion: Implementing the cryotherapy among patients undergoing surgical
rhinoplasty improves the recovery outcomes (intra-operative bleeding, post-operative pain,periorbital nasal edema and ecchymosis and patient’s satisfaction.Keywords: cryotherapy, recovery outcomes, surgical rhinoplasty Based on the findings of the current study, the following recommendations are derived and suggested:Application of cryotherapy as perioperative nursing intervention should be done for all
patients undergoing surgical rhinoplasty to improve their recovery outcomes.
2. Simplified booklet about surgical rhinoplasty, preoperative instructions, intraoperative
complications related to surgery, application of cryotherapy to reduce these
complications and self-care at home should be available for patients undergoing
surgical rhinoplasty.
3. The presence of educator nurse as a separate specialty in the plastic and burn
department to improve patient’s knowledge about the surgical procedure should be considered. Nurses need to fulfill their roles as health educator for patients who undergoing surgical rhinoplasty. Further studies with the application of cryotherapy as perioperative nursing
intervention among patients undergoing surgical rhinoplasty should be done with more samples and in a longer duration.