الفهرس 
Introduction & Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The liver is one of the most important organs in the body, because of its great importance, as it plays several roles, including the manufacture of cholesterol and triglycerides, the production of carbohydrates, and the liver also detoxifies chemicals and stores vitamins and chemicals that the body needs.
There are some diseases that negatively affect the liver, including hepatitis caused by viruses such as hepatitis A, B, and C. Hepatitis can also have non-infectious causes.
Stem cell therapy is one of the most important modern strategies for treating liver injuries, which outperforms liver transplants in terms of regeneration rates in the liver and immune modification so that the body does not reject these cells and leave them to do their work by renewing liver cells or secreting some effects such as cytokines that will restore the liver to Well positioned to do its job to the fullest.
from this study we conclude that:
Use of multiple doses of CCl4 for different periods over the course of the study progressively degrades hepatocytes and primarily causes three degenerative liver diseases: fatty liver, chronic hepatitis, and fibrosis. CCl4 is the most common hepatotoxin to cause liver injury in laboratory animals.
Our findings revealed a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β, which could be explained by the stimulation of Kupffer cells, and their increased activities. They were able to generate a large number of different cytokines and chemokines. Our study also showed the overexpression of NF-κB which is a major transcription factor and is required for the induction of several inflammatory genes, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6.
Our study showed that increased gene expression of MMP-9, TIMP-1, α-SMA, and these collagens are several pathogenic variants that are associated with collagen deposition.
Study shows that treatment with hepatogenic differentiated BMMSCs leads to a downregulation of collagen expression. This collagen deposition occurs which inhibits the action of TIMP-1 by downregulating its expression, allowing MMP-9 to break down the collagen.
After treatment, our results showed that treatment with hepatocyte-differentiated bone marrow stem cells enhances angiogenesis and regeneration processes, by regulating VEGF and HGF expression. Even in the cirrhosis model.
The anti-inflammatory effect of hepatocyte-differentiated bone marrow stem cells is mediated through paracrine & endocrine mechanisms.
hepatogenic differentiated BMMSCs demonstrated immunomodulatory properties through their ability to inhibit T-cell and B-cell proliferation.
The therapeutic potential of hepatocyte-differentiated bone marrow stem cells is to regenerate functional tissues and replace damaged tissues. In addition, hepatogenic differentiated BMMSCs may enhance the body’s ability to repair itself.
Liver disease patients can live longer and have a better quality of life. However, before this technique can be recommended in clinical practice on a regular basis, further standardization of the treatment protocol is needed.
Conclusion and recommendation
Conclusion: Differentiated BMMSCs can effectively rescue experimental liver failure and contribute to liver regeneration and offer a potential alternative therapy to organ transplantation for treatment of liver diseases.
Recommendation: This study suggests that a larger scale animal research should be carried out to conduct clinical trials on the use of hepatogenic differentiated BMMSCs-based treatment as an alternative to liver transplantation.