الفهرس 
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Abstract
Standalone fuel cell power systems become one of the suitable solutions to
produce the required electricity. Fuel cell power systems normally need energy
storage devices like lead-acid batteries to match the supply-demand mismatch.
Researchers proposed that to expand batteries’ life span and improve the reliability of delivered power, use supercapacitor- battery hybrid energy storage system. This thesis presents a hybrid Fuel Cell-based Power System (FCPS) consisting of fuel cell and hybrid Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), including a battery with high
energy density and supercapacitor with high power density to overcome the sudden load demand change and improving the reliability of the delivered power. Any hybrid power system needs Energy Management Strategies (EMS) to balance the power between the different energy sources. In this thesis, a comparative analysis of five energy management strategies that are the most commonly used, including the state machine control method, the classical PI control method, rule-based fuzzy logic control (FLC) method, frequency decoupling and fuzzy logic control method, and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is performed. The comparison criteria are the overall efficiency, the state of charge (SOC) of the batteries, the DC-bus voltage profile and the hydrogen consumption. The study’s main objective is enhancing the DC-bus voltage profile of a hybrid fuel ell/battery/supercapacitor power system equipped with the developed undermentioned EMS by using a hybrid modified optimization technique that combines Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) and Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA). The new
hybrid HHO-SCA is employed to determine the optimal control parameters of the
DC-bus voltage controller, which significantly assists in enhancing the DC-bus voltage profile as well as the performance of the applicable ESS in terms of improving efficiency and SoC.
The effectiveness of the suggested control schemes is simulated using
MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The simulation results confirmed that the
proposed HHO-SCA is superior and efficient in improving the DC-bus voltage.