الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF THE WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus has been increased annually over the world and the number of diabetic patients will jump from 382 million patients in year 2013 to 592 million in year 2035 (IDF, 2013). Prevalence of diabetes estimated from the data provided by 219 countries and territories for the year 2013. These were grouped under seven IDF regions. Africa 20 M, Europe 56 M, Middle East and North Africa 35 M, North America and Caribbean 37 M, South and Central America 24 M, South East Asia 72 M, West Pacific138 M and 382 M people were suffering from diabetes worldwide, especially in Egypt incident 13.1 M (IDF, 2013). The Prevalence of diabetes incidence is increasing sharply, reaching pandemic proportion influencing world health care system (Panda et al., 2018).Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is become a global public health challenge for the 21st century, as non- communicable disease, more than 80% of diabetes deaths take place in low- and middle-income countries (WHO, 2014). DM2 frequently goes undiagnosed for many years because hyperglycemia develops gradually, also at earlier stages, is often not severe enough for the patient to notice the classic diabetes symptoms. Nevertheless, even undiagnosed patients are at increased risk of developing macrovascular and microvascular complications, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases with age, obesity, and lack of physical activity (American diabetes Association; ADA, 2018).