الفهرس 
chapter 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Over the past century, there has been a dramatic increase in applying smart technologies in architecture in order to provide an environmentally interactive building that responds to its users’ needs. Recently, the emerging technology called nanotechnology has introduced new materials with unique properties, which the field of architecture used its applications to reach the sustainable building. Both approaches (smart and nanoarchitecture) have one objective which is achieving sustainable buildings that provide comfort for their users and meet their needs without harming the environment and with the minimum energy use. One of the greatest challenges is Energy saving. given the fact that the operational energy of buildings consumes 60% of the total energy consumption and that the building façade is responsible for a large percentage of building total energy consumption. Therefore, this research attempts to reach strategies that enable architect to integrate modern technologies in building façade, in order to optimize thermal performance with the minimum energy consumption. Through studying high performance façade, its design criteria and modern technology applied in it, the research focus on smart and nanotechnology and identify both of them. Then it analyzes examples of buildings with high performance façade. Finally, the research conducts a practical study to analyze the thermal performance of NTRA building facades located in the Smart Village as one of the recently built buildings in Egypt that use smart technological systems. Then, it measures the influence of these facades on the building energy consumption through using DesignBuilder software as one of the most distinguished simulation tools, suggests facades alternatives that depend on smart technology or nanotechnology, and carries out results analysis and comparison in order to determine the feasibility of each approach or merging both approaches to achieve the optimum thermal performance with the minimum energy consumption.