الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that
standardising the site of sampling of umbilical artery Doppler reduces the
variability of umbilical artery Pulsatility Index (PI).
Patients and Methods: The present study was Prospective study included
120 pregnant women - with singleton fetuses of 28 week of gestation till
term and delivery-attending outpatient clinic at Helwan University
Hospitals. All pregnant females were followed monthly minimum for 3
occasions till delivery.
Results: The present study revealed the presence of significant variability
in the measurements of umbilical artery PI among the sampling sites as
well as among the different time points at which the measurements were
taken, with poor repeatability and reproducibility of the umbilical artery
PI measurements. Variagility in umbilical artery PI among the sampling
sites was demonstrated in our study. There were significant differences in
the mean umbilical artery PI among the four sampling sites, with higher
mean umbilical artery PI at PVC site, followed by AI, FL, and PL sites.
Intraclass correlation was computed to test reliability, showing poor
agreement among the four sampling sites. These findings suggest that
standardization of the site of sampling may reduce variability and increase
reliability of measurements.
Conclusion: Standardization of the site of sampling may reduce
variability and increase reliability of measurements as our study revealed
significant variability in the measurements of umbilical artery PI among
the 4 potential sampling sites as well as among the different time points at
which the measurements were taken, with poor repeatability and
reproducibility of the umbilical artery PI measurements.
Keywords: Sampling Site, Umbilical Artery Doppler, Variability,
Umbilical Artery Pulsatility Index
.