الفهرس 
Effect of auxins on rooting stageOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In Egypt, the vegetative propagation of artichoke is still the only method to grow, due to keeping the original variety characteristics at the time of breeding. Adopting a tissue culture technique for vegetative propagation confers many advantages, like viral-free seedling and seedling bulk production. The goal of this study is to propagate artichokes using tissue culture techniques, as well as to improve the rooting percentage and the effectiveness of seedling acclimation in the greenhouse. In addition, anatomical study techniques were used to track the causes of weakening root development in vitro throughout the rooting stage. Explants were grown on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, which had ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate concentrations of 50, 75, and 100 percent of each, but no further changes were found. For multiplication, the developed cultures were moved to a modified MS medium containing 50 percent of both ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate supplemented with BA at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg/l and Kin at 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mg/l or without any growth regulators. Micro shoots produced from the multiplication stage were transferred to the modified MS for roots. Both ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate at 50% were added along with 0, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l IBA or NAA mixed with β-cyclodextrin at 2.0 and 4.0 g/l. Exvitro acclimatization was achieved by plating rooted shoots from the in vitro rooting stage in plastic pots filled with a mixture of peat moss: vermiculite: Perlite (1: 1: 1, V) or peat moss: Perlite at (1: 1 by volume) or peat moss: Perlite at (1: 1, V) or Perlite: vermiculite (1: 1, V). Each group of the pots was divided into two halves,
the first was inoculated with mycorrhiza, but the other remained without inoculation. All pots were kept under a low tunnel established in a plastic greenhouse. According to the anatomical investigation, there was no structural difference between rooted and unrooted plants. By following the following technique, the artichoke may be effectively micro propagated through tissue culture: Initial explants have had a good survival rate due to sanitation with Clorox (5.25 percent) at 50% + 0.2 g/l HgCl2 for 20 minutes then planting on 50% ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate in an MS modified medium. Kin at a concentration of 4.0 mg/l resulted in the greatest multiplication rate (number of shoots per cluster). NAA 2.0 mg/l + -cyclodextrin g/l was added to the in vitro rooting medium and was shown to be effective in obtaining the optimum root number/young shoot ratio. To obtain a high survival rate during ex vitro acclimation, a combination of Perlite: vermiculite (1:1) with mycrrhiza was used