الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common form of cancer worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. HCC often occurs in the background of a cirrhotic liver. There is an increased incidence of HCC due to the rise of Hepatitis B Virus, HCV infections and chronic alcohol use. Western’s HCC usually developed in cirrhotic liver while over 50% of Asian countries developed in noncirrhotic liver. More recent studies suggest metabolic syndrome, such as type II diabetes and obesity, is an additional risk factor for development of HCC.
HCC diagnosis is based on imaging studies supported by measuring serum AFP levels. While these tools are effective for screening and diagnosis of HCC, their use for malignancy and recurrence detection is limited. It has been described that normal serum AFP levels postoperatively do not reflect total resection of HCC from the patient, and about 20% of HCC does not increase serum AFP levels. Additional markers such as GPC3, GGT II, AFU, TGF-β1, and TSGF may help improve accuracy but are not reliable by themselves. This brings in the need to find additional markers for postoperative detection and assessment of patient’s prognosis. one of them is CD24
Culster of Differentiation (CD24) is a small glycosylated mucin-like cell surface molecule. Many studies have found that CD24 expression is quite high in many human tumors. Under the pathological conditions, CD24 could mediate the tumor genesis, tumor progression and tumor metastasis. CD24-overex-pressing cancer cells are susceptible to the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a key step in enhancing cancer cells invasion and metastasis. In HCC cells, expression of CD24 has been correlated with accumulation of β-catenin leading to the activation of its oncogenic pathway
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential clinical value of serum CD24 Level in patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC and to correlates these levels with the metabolic profile on these patients before and after intervention of HCC.
This case control study was carried out in Ain Shams University on 60 patients divided into two groups, group (A) that included 20 patients liver cirrhosis without hepatocellular carcinoma and group (B) that included 40 patients liver cirrhosis with HCC.
The current study demonstrated that CD24 protein expression was detectable in plasma of HCC patients and the controls, and plasma CD24 level was significantly higher in HCC patients over the controls. Furthermore, it was not correlated with other clinic-pathologic parameters including gender, age, tumor size, tumor number,,, HBsAg status, ALT, AFP and GGT level.
The present study showed that plasma CD24 level is higher in HCC patients and it is a valuable biomarker for prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, CD24 might be used as a potential biomarker for evaluation of postoperative survival.