الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The Egyptian Economy has gone through the last period, Starting in the early 1990s, through stages of development that affected It’s performance and management style. During the pre-economic reform period, Egypt was characterized by the presence of a high inflation rate that in many cases exceeded 20.7% , As in 1991, and therefore, during the period 1991-1997, Egypt began implementing a financial and economic reform program aimed at transforming the Egyptian economy from an economy dominated by The Public sector to one dependent on market mechanisms and the private sector.
After the January 25 revolution in 2011, The Egyptian economy was exposed to a number of internal and external challenges that exacerbated the problems and structural imbalances in the Egyptian economy and negatively affected the public finances and the balance of payments, high levels of public debt, reduced levels of foreign exchange supply and a decline in international reserves. In the interest of the Central Bank of Egypt to achieve monetary stability targeting lower levels of inflation, it decided on November 3, 2016, to take several measures to correct the foreign exchange trading policy by liberalizing exchange rates and then adopting an integrated program for economic reform with the aim of addressing structural imbalances supported by an extended loan agreement with the fund international currency for a period of three years, worth 12 billion dollars. Consequently, remittances from Egyptians working abroad began to flow into Egypt with the increase in tourism revenues after they were low as a result of the security unrest, in addition to The Gulf Countries that helped Egypt in this period of material support from foreign currency and placing deposits in the central bank and thus the exchange rate began to be stable and stable.
The Stability of the pound exchange rate led to investment, the abolition of the parallel market (The Black Market) and the increase in foreign monetary reserves. It’s clear that controlling the budget deficit is an important factor in controlling inflation rates in Egypt, and that the law obligating the central bank to finance the government deficit is a hindrance factor against the central bank to formulate monetary policy in a manner that achieves stability in the general levels of prices government dept growth.
It has become clear that for monetary policy to succeed in targeting inflation, it needs a number of basic requirements that must be met, and among the most important of these requirements is achieving financial dominance, and this means that monetary policy will not succeed in achieving it’s goal without support from fiscal policy. It also became clear that the application of fiscal discipline measures is one of the most important determinants of the effectiveness of the fiscal policy, and one of the factors that help in the success of such measures is the necessity of coordination between the fiscal and monetary policies. where the coordination problem is summarized in how to design a balanced mix of fiscal and monetary policy in order to maintain the growth of economic activity in the equilibrium path while controlling inflation rates and supporting financial markets, and all this is through reducing the fiscal deficit at the level that can be financed through the markets. Financial without any distortions in the allocation of economic materials without direct reliance on the central bank to finance the deficit and without exceeding the acceptable level of external borrowing.