الفهرس 
IntelligenceOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
alnutrition is a worldwide health problem especially in developing countries. Children are vulnerable group needs more care about their vaccination, nutrition, education, and their psychological wellbeing. The societies try to promote the population health and define the major health problems like malnutrition, non- communicable diseases and others. The healthy children today will be the healthy workers and productors tomorrow.in the era of technology and artificial intelligence stressing on IQ improving for children is very important.
The relation between IQ and BMI is not clearly defined but the defined result that IQ depends on good health, well nutrition, stable psychosocial environment, and educational improving. The fortified enriched food (quality & quantity) has a great role in wellbeing. The stable, safe environment delivered smart stable person. Finally the well-nourished children not looking for weight are the intelligents as not every obese is stupid and not every thin is smart.
This study was conducted to identify a relation between body mass index, nutrition, physical activity, and IQ scoring in school age children. And to assess the nutritional intake and physical activity of school children.
A cross sectional study was carried out in the primary health care center in 10th of Ramadan city. Among 60 parents of (School age children (6-12) years old males and (6-9) females) who attended the outpatient clinic seeking for management of their children have fulfill the questionnaire; the children have had intelligence quotient test and anthropometric measures.
Considering exclusion criteria: Any child who has psychiatric, or neurological disorders or mental illness that might affect his /her cognition. Any child with chronic illnesses that might affect the physical or neurological growth. Any child has metabolic diseases or any disease affect his or her nutrition as (DM, thyroiditis, and et al...).
Sample size was calculated using PASS® version 11 program, setting alpha error at 5% and power at 90%. Results from a previous study (Bhowal et al., 2015) reported that BMI was positively correlated with IQ (r=0.41). Calculation according to these values produced a minimal sample size of 60 participants. The participants were recruited from the outpatient clinics in simple random manner (the attendance rate on the clinic about 80 case per day every case takes 5 minutes during examination) I took the case that comes every10 cases per day.
The cases were 60 child, 33 males (55%), 27 females (45%), the children aged between (6-12) for males and (6-9) for females, the mean was 8.62 and SD was 1.69. 81.7% had social conflict. 88.3% came from the middle socioeconomic class. The height ranged from (100-155 Cm) with mean 127.33 and SD 11.20.The weight range was (18-82.5), the mean 36.23 and SD13.74.BMI index ranged from (14.1 – 34.72), the mean 21.81 and SD 5.82.BMI classifications were Under Weight (20 (33.3%)), normal weight (25 (41.7%)), over weight (5 (8.3%)) and obesity (10 (16.7%)). most of children had normal birth weight(86.7%), 30% of obese children had higher birth weight. 52 (86.7%) were breast feeded. 68.3% of families considered their child weight as normal weight and 33.3% of them had family history for obesity.
Most of children took their daily needs of food in the standard level including meat, dairy products, grains & carbohydrates, beans, vegetables, fruits and fats. The most frequent food was junk foods. The mean total IQ level of children was112.80 ± 8.83 and 46.7% of them had superior grads. Mean verbal IQ was111.78 ± 10.40 and non-verbal was 113.45 ±8.70. Nearly half of children had superior IQ score in verbal and non-verbal domain (48.3% & 45.0% respectively).
41.7% of children get very good grades in their previous year. According to BMI relation to demographic factors, there was high statistical significant correlation between BMI and age, family opinion in child weight and birth weight. BMI increased with age. Regarding family opinion in child weight; all obese children were considered to have weight greater than normal by their families. Regarding birth weight and current weight 85%of underweight, 100%of overweight and 60%of obese were normal weight. Family history of obesity was statistically related to BMI as those who had positive family history of obesity had high BMI. 50%of obese children had sedentary life style while the other 50%represented the physical activity, 20% of obese children were active sportive.
There was statistically significant association between BMI and frequency of eating some foods. Overweight and obese children took carbohydrates & grains, soft drinks & juices, fats and junk foods in higher frequency (≥4 times per week) compared to underweight and normal weight children. There was a statistically significant relation between BMI and intake of daily requirements of some food. Overweight and obese children took carbohydrates &grains, soft drinks &juices and junk foods in amounts that were above the standard requirements.
According to factors affecting IQ, positive significant correlation was found between nonverbal IQ scores and child age, total and verbal IQ scores weren’t affected by child age. Children who had social conflicts had high IQ scores compared to other children. Also, the social class affected IQ Scores as IQ scores increased with the improvement of social class. Concerning scholastic achievement, the increase in IQ scores associated with increase in average scholastic achievement.
Total IQ and verbal scores were significantly related to birth weight as normal and high birth weighted children achieve high IQ scores. Children who took meat, grains & carbohydrates, beans, vegetables and fruits more frequently and above standard requirements had significantly higher IQ score. Using dairy product and fats in frequency 4-6 times per week, in standard requirements improved IQ.
Concerning the relation between BMI&IQ, there was statistical significant relation between total IQ and Non-verbal IQ scores with BMI, as non-verbal IQ differ among underweighted children compared to overweight and obese ones with lower values among underweighted children. Also, underweighted and normal weighted children had lower total IQ scores compared to overweighed and obese. Total IQ and nonverbal IQ scores had moderate positive significant correlation with child weight, height and BMI. Verbal IQ had low positive correlation with BMI and moderate positive correlation with child weight.