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Abstract Egyptian coasts expand over 3500 kilometers, where one-third of this distance runs along the Mediterranean Sea from Rafeh Town in the East to Salloum Town in the West, and two-thirds run along the Red Sea and the coasts of the Sinai Peninsula. Fifty-three percent of Egypt’s population lives within 100 kilometers of the coast, this zone has numerous economic and industrial activities, as well as important beaches and tourist resorts.Population growth and the resultant acceleration of domestic, municipal sewage, industrial, agricultural, fishing and marine transportation activities and recreational activities significantly impact the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea coastal zone. The area receives large input of pollutants, nutrients and organic matter from diverse points and diffuse sources. |