الفهرس 
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Abstract
ESRD is a progressive, debilitating chronic illness whereby kidneys
are no longer capable of adequately removing fluids and wastes from the
body, or maintaining the proper level of certain kidney-regulated
chemicals in the bloodstream.
The number of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and
receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) is growing rapidly.
Kidney transplantation has been successful and has saved numerous
lives since the 1960. Compared to regular kidney dialysis, kidney
transplantation results in better patient quality of life and longer survival.
Kidney Transplantation is a well-established and treatment of choice
for selected End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients, extending their
survival and improving their quality of life, while benefiting from the
reduction in the mortality associated with long-term dialysis
After transplantation, maximizing graft longevity becomes a focus
of care. Graft loss results in return to dialysis, retransplantation, or death.
Kidney transplant recipients have the highest rate of graft survival among
all organs transplanted.
Patients and methods:
This study was carried out as a retrospective observational study
which was done at national institute of nephrology and urology and the
data were obtained from the medical records of patients from period of
2012 to 2015.
The present study included 67 living-donor nephrectomies and
kidney transplant procedures performed at national institute of
nephrology and urology between 2012 and 2015 were selected.