الفهرس 
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Abstract
Lameness due to tendon injury is the most prevalent cause of diminished athletic function and wastage in equine. Therefore, it is important to understand the disease process.
This study aimed to develop a new tendinitis animal model that mimics the natural occurring
The study includes three main experiments:
The first experiment on cadaveric donkeys was conducted to detect of the temperature of all tissues of the fore and hind limbs up on microwave diathermy on different protocol
The second experiment pilot study was conducted on two donkeys, to determine the suitable dose and length of exposure per day and suitable method of application of the probe..
Third experiment was conducted on nine donkeys to evaluate the efficient of microwave diathermy to induce an experimental tendinitis model in donkeys
The result of the study were
In first experiments, there was a highly significant effect in temperature measurement between different watt setting at all five sites P=0.001 it was noticed that an average difference between the temperature of the superficial layer (skin/SDFT) and the deeper layer (SL/MC OR MT) ranged from 14.5±1.8 and 15.8±0.4 Co at 15min and 30 min exposure time respectively.
In the second experiments the 30 watt 30 min is the best choice to make tendinitis model as present well-defined lesion in SDFT , DDFT at day 15 in ultrasonography and the lesion of growth pathology present in SDFT and DDFT.
In the third experiments the clinical signs. The pain degree began to increase at day 7 (grade 1) and continued to increase gradually till day 15 (grade 2) and reached its peak at day 30 (grade 3) then began to decrease at day 45 (grade 1) and no pain at day 60.
Investigation of lameness degree after treatment revealed that all donkeys at day 7, the lameness score of all donkeys become grade 1, become grade 2 at day 15 and grade 3 at day 30 after that the grade returned to grade 1 at day 45 and at day 60 the donkeys free of lameness. The percentage of increase in circumference measure from the first day become (1.12±0.38 %) at day (7, 2 ±0.48 %) at day (15 2.78±0.63 %) at day 30 ,(1.68±0.42 %) at day 45 and (0.72±0.01) at day 60.
Chapter 6 summary and conclusion
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Percentage of increase of SDFT compare by first day was (22.33±1.7) at day 15, (36.22±1.2) at 30day and (10±1) at day 60. The LCSA be could detect at SDFT at day 15 and measurement reveled significantly higher size (0.05±0.01, P=0.027) the lesion increased to reach its peak at day 30 (.09±0.01, P=.000). Lesion started to decrease as it reported to be (0.05±0, p=1).
Percentage of increase of DDFT in TCSA compare by first day was (17.1±0.98) at day 15,( 26.7±0.66) at 30day and (4.8±1.7) at day 60. The LCSA we could detect the lesion at DDFT at day 15 and measurement reveled significantly higher size (0.06±0.01, P=0.035) the lesion increased to reach its peak at day 30 (0.08±0.01, P= 000) and lesion became to decrease as it reported to be (0.06±0.01, p= 1) at day 60.
MRI was noticed that in day 15 there were signal in SDFT and DDFT in T1 & T2 and continuous to increase in day 30 there and in day 60 there were low signal.
Growth pathology, SDFT the length of legion (1±0.26, P=0.469), hemorrhage degree (grade 2, P=0.442), at day 30 the length become (1.9±0.26, P=0.029), hemorrhage degree (grade 3, P=0.029), then decrease (.03±0.05) hemorrhage degree (grade 0, P=1). In DDFT the length of legion (0.67±0.29, P=0.612), hemorrhage degree (grade 2, P=0.460), at day 30 the length become (1.27±0.21, P=0.039), hemorrhage degree (grade 3 P=0.05) then decrease (0) hemorrhage degree (grade 0, P=1).
Histopathological evaluation on SDFT according to scoring system at day 15 was (16.67±0.58, P=0.234), at day 30 was (24.67±0.58, P=0.012) and at day 60 was (10.67±0.58 P=1). On DDFT according to scoring system at day 15 was (14.67±0.58, P=.236), at day 30 was (19±1, P=.012) and at day 60 was (8.67±0.58, P=1).
Conclusion
from the results of the present study, it could be included that:
Microwave diathermy in the donkey is a suitable method for induction of tendinitis as it has been proven to induce lesions similar to the clinical introduced cases. Moreover, it has the least side effects on the overall condition of the animals.