الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried-out to improve reproductive efficiency in buffaloes by hormonal induction of postpartum cyclicity as early as possible and study the efficiency of GnRH,PGF2α and eCG on reproduction of buffalo cow.
This study was carried out in Basateen El Nubaryiah Governmental Dairy Farm, Ministry of Agriculture in the period from 2016 to 2017.
65 buffalo cows with normal birth and no retained placenta were selected to apply this study .These animals consisted of 40 postpartum multiparous lactating buffalo cows and 25 postpartum buffalo cows in 1st season of lactation .These animals were in good health and free from internal and external parasites .They were vaccinated against infectious diseases .They were kept in open yard .These animals did not suffer from abnormal vaginal discharge.
The animals were divided into 5 groups as following:
1- Group1 ( control group): 8 postpartum multiparous animals and 5 postpartum primiparous animals used as control and injected by 5ml normal saline on day 14th.
2- group 2 Include: 8 postpartum multiparous animals and 5 postpartum primiparous animals were treated by GnRH injection on day 14th postpartum.
3- group 3 Include: 8 postpartum multiparous animals and 5 postpartum primiparous animals were treated by GnRH on day 14thand GnRH on day 21st then PGF2α on day 28th postpartum.
4- group 4 Include: 8 postpartum multiparous animals and 5 postpartum primiparous animals were treated by eCG injection on day 14th postpartum.
5- group 5 Include: 8 postpartum multiparous animals and 5 postpartum primiparous animals were treated by eCG on day 14th and GnRH on day 21st then PGF2α on day 28th postpartum .
This results concluded that:
1- The effect of different hormone protocols on days open in buffalo cows cleared that, the lowest days open period observed in (group 4) treated with eCG on day 14 as its days open reached 47 days, followed by group 5 treated with eCG on day 14, GnRH on day 21and PGF2α on day 28 as its days open reached 66 days, and it reached 69.70 days in group 3 treated with GnRH on day 14, GnRH on day 21and PGF2α on day 28 while, it increased in group 2 treated with GnRH on day 14 as its days open reached 90.70 and all groups treated with hormonal treatement showed a lower days open than control group where its days open was 113.30 day.
2- The days open decreased in its length significantly after hormonal treatment than the previous season before treatment, and it decreased in multiparous than the primiparous buffalo-cow.
3- The results on the effect of application of different hormone serum progesterone level 28 and 42 days postpartum in buffalo cows cleared that, the level of progesterone showed a higher level in the animals treated (group 4) with eCG on day 14 followed by its level in control group , followed by the animals (group 5) treated with eCG on day 14; GnRH on day 21and PGF2α on day 28,followed by the animals (group 2) treated with GnRH on day14 and the lower progesterone level observed in the group 3 treated with GnRH on day14, GnRH on day 21, PGF2α on day 28.
4- The results cleared that, the level of Progesterone increased on day 42 than on day 28 postpartum and in multiparous higher than its level in primiparaous on day 42.
5- Meanwhile, the results on the pregnancy rate following different hormone protocols in multiparous buffaloes cleared that, the higher pregnancy percentage observed in the group 2 treated with GnRH on day 14 and group 3 treated with GnRH on day 14 , GnRH on day 21, PGF2α on day 28 its percentage reached 87.5 % followed meanwhile the pregnancy percentage in the other treatments that includes,
control group, eCG on day 14 (group 4) and (group 5) eCG on day 14, GnRH on day 21, PGF2α on day 28 as its pregnancy percentage reached 75 %.
6- Also, the results on the pregnancy rate following different hormone protocols in primiparous buffaloes cleared that, the higher pregnancy percentage in primiparous buffaloes observed in animals treated with eCG on day 14 (group 4) and (group 5) eCG on day 14, GnRH on day 21, PGF2α on day 28 as it pregnancy percentages reached 80 % while, in (group 2) GnRH on day 14 treated group it reached 60 % and (group 3) GnRH on day 14 ,GnRH on day 21, PGF2α on day 28 treated group and in control group reached 40 %.