الفهرس 
HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
Relationship of Spinal Nerves to VertebraeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary This study reviewed the surgical anatomy of the spine. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of osteoporotic spine were clearly reviewed. The investigations of the diseases were also discussed with their advantages and their role in diagnosing the disease. The study also reviewed the different surgical techniques to osteoporotic spine by using different materials and how to perform them. It also discussed the differences between those materials, advantages and disadvantages of all of them stressing on the technique that has the advantage of less adjacent tissue injury, less complications and fewer implants failure. This study is composed of 30 cases that matched with the inclusions and exclusions criteria. Females constituted 80 % while males constituted 20 % with a mean age was 57.4 ± 8.44 years. Painful spinal lesions may be a result of bone weakenss by osteoporosis, trauma, or tumors such as metastases, multiple myeloma, and hemangioma. Pain was evaluated using the VAS Pain Scale before and after the procedure. It was ranged from 7-9 pre-operatively with a mean value 8.2±1.8 and from 1-3 post-operatively with a mean value 2.3±1.6. ODI ranged from 64-85 with mean78±18.8 before surgery and 21-44 after surgery with mean 33±15.6 .