الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work aimed to evaluates the possible antioxidant effects of two palm date products mainly agwa and dired plan date. Both products of palm date (Phoenix Dactylifera), Siwi cultivar were dried then added at 5% or 10% in diets of spradcc Dawley rats (120±10g) weight, oxidation stress was raised by injection potassium bromate KBro3. Feeding continued for 28 days. Then rats sacrificed, and biological, biochemical and histopathological paramets recorded. Dried palm date had the more phenolic compounds, known to be potent antioxidants. Parallel to this, dried palm date diets lowored more the oxidartion stress, leading to more improvement of BWG, FI, FERJ than agwa. Glucose level, lipids pofile, liver& renal functions, andioxidant enzymes in serum and CBC and serem protcins were also considered.
The results could be summarized as follows :
1- Raising the oxidation stress of rats by potassium bromate lowored the appelite of rats, BWG & FER, while feeding on diets antaining agwa and specially on dried plan date 10% improved such parameters, even to near that of the healthy control (- ve) group.
2- Internal organs weights (liver, heat, lunge, spleen & kidneys) were raisd due to potassium bromate injection leading to inflammation. Oxidation stress, how ever, reduced indicating atrophy of organs e.g. dystrophy due to feading on palm date products, specially that of the 10% dried date diets. Agwa diet revealed pronounced correction of the internal argns weight. The more the added palm date in diet, the more the decrease of the organs weight. In most of cases dried plam date diet reduced the weight to less then that recorded in control (ve-) group.
3- Oxidation stress as raised by potassium bromate injection raised the levels of TC, TG. VLDL and LDL while lowered HDL. Meanwhile plam date reversed such changes. The more the level of palm date in rats diet, the more the improvement of lipids profile. Best group was that of 10% dried palm date diet.
4- Injection with prtassium bromate raised the oxidation stress, leading to changes in cardiovasculas risk facrors. Thus due to this practice TC/HDL, LDL/ HDL, CDLTVLDL/HD, log (TG/HDL) and LDL-HDL were increased while HDL/TC decreased. Values of these risk factors were reversed by feeding on diets conxaining agwa palm date and specially the dried palm date, in particular at 10% level palm date.
5- Serum glucose was raised due to increase of oxidation stress. The reverse was found when inflicted rats fed on palm date agwa & dried palm date. The best treatment was that of dried palm date 10% diet, provided that agwa diet revealed also pronounced desirable effect on serum glucose.
6- Injection with potassium bromate raised the oxidation stress in rats leading to damage of liver function; this raised the activities of AST, ALT, ALP and AST/ALT ratio meanwhile feeding high oxidation stress rats on palm date agwa and specially on dried palm date diet, in particular at 10% was remedial for the liver function.
7- By raising the oxidation stress in rats TP, ALB and GLB fractions decreased while alb/GLb ratio increased. The reverse was found when rats fed on diets conxaining agwa or dried plam date diets, specially for 10% diets. At 10% palm date dried palm diet resultsrevealed highesr Tp, Alp and Glb while Albl/Glb was relatively low.
8- High oxidation stress rats due to injection with potassium bromate revealed increased urea, uric acid and creatinine (control +ve) indicating damage of renal function. Never the less by feeding on palm date products (agwa and fried date) the reverse was observed; best group was that of dried palm date 10%.
9- Injection with potassium bromate, leading to raised oxidation stress in rats resulted in certain changes in CBC : Decrease of HGB, HCT, RBC & WBC levels, with the increase of PLT. Meanwhile feeding on palm date agwa and dried palm date raised HGB, HCT. RBC & WHC, while PLTreduced. Best group revealed for 10% dried palm date diet, provided that agwa diet showed also pronounced desirable effect.
10- Injection of rats with KBrO3 caused the increase of oxidation stress in rats leading to deurease of GSH, CAT & SOD activities, with the increase of MDA took place, feeding of rats on dried palm date or palm date agwa reversed such a change due to decrease of oxidation stress. Best treatment was that of dried palm date diet 10%, provided that agwa caused also pronounced amelioration of the oxidation stress; even GSH, SOD and CAT levels were aqual or less than that recorded for healthy control (-ve) rats.
11- Dried palm date contained much greater phenols 1585,4 gallic equiv & 32.8 quercetin equiv. respectively compared to that of agwa prepared of palm date 1372,2 gallic eqiv & 29.6 quercetin equirl. For this reason antioxidant effect of dried palm date was higher than that of agwa. Never the less the higher phenols & flavorvids of dried palm date was simply because the product had more solids than agwa, during the production of which water is sprayed accompanied by pressing with legs, while no water is sprayed during production of dried palm date.
12- Restoration of the original structure of healthy (control ”-” group) rats, which dramatically changed by potassium bromide injection was pronounced special for 10% dried palm date driet.