الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nanotechnology defined as the design, production and application of structures, materials and devices in a nanometer scale, one of the widely studied and common used nanoparticles is aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs). Al micro particles and Al-containing nanomaterials have been applied by industry, this extensive use leads to significant releases of Al2O3-NPs into the environment. Because there is no or/and rare data for the bioaccumulation of aluminum ions in various tissues of mammals, following intranasal instillation with nanoalumina (Al2O3NPs), The present study aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of aluminum oxide nanoparticles and its effects on some essential elements as iron, zinc, copper, and calcium in liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, and brain of male albino rats during acute and subacute experiments. In acute experiment, ten rats are divided equally into two groups (group I, the control group intranasal instilled with deionized water) and (group II, the treated group intranasal instilled with single acute dose LD25 at 96 h of Al2O3NPs =1.66 g/kg b. wt.), the sampling was done after 24 h of instillation. In subacute experiment, fifty rats are divided equally into two groups (group III, the control group intranasal instilled with deionized water) and (group IV, the treated group intranasal instilled with every other day dose LD5 at 96h of Al2O3NPs = 0.94 g/kg b. wt.), the sampling was done after 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of instillation. we can say that the results, during the short (acute) and long (subacute) -terms of experiments, confirmed categorically and firmly that the bioaccumulation of aluminum ions in the tissues of the liver, kidneys, brain, spleen, and lungs of rats that received acute and subacute doses of aluminum oxide nanoparticles was significantly higher when compared to their bioaccumulation in organs of control groups.