الفهرس 
Acknowledgements
Aim of this workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Through life, voice development follows and represents organic, psychological, and social changes in the person. The child’s larynx has a higher position on the neck for the purposes of breathing and protecting the lower airways. Vocal symptoms are common among the pediatric population and are often caused by vocal abuse. Vocal symptoms are present in 6–23% of children aged from 4 to 12 years. The most frequent causes are vocal fold nodules, which have been found in 38– 78% of children evaluated for chronic hoarseness, but the other vocal fold lesions, such as localized edema and irregularity at the junction of the anterior and middle third of the vocal fold, have recently been found in 13.3% of 617 examined children. Other diseases, such as laryngeal papillomatosis, subglottic stenosis, laryngeal cleft and vocal fold paralysis are far less common, but severely impact on the voice of a child. The main etiological categories can be subdivided into 3 main groups: 1- organic voice disorders (There are detectable morphological changes in the vocal apparatus), 2-Non-organic (functional) voice disorders (There is no detectable organic pathology in the structure of the larynx) and 3-Minimal Associated Pathological Lesions (MAPLs) (Long-standing, non-organic (functional) voice disorders leading to the creation of detectable organic changes. Because voice disorders in childhood may have a negative impact on communication effectiveness, social development, and self-esteem, this study aimed to study the relationship between the APVRQOL, the auditory perceptual assessment and acoustic analysis of voice of dysphonic children due to functional or MAPLs causes. This is important to study the impact of dysphonia on the quality of life in these children, find whether the APVRQOL would be verified by perceptual and acoustic measures and to provide an efficient therapeutic strategy for these children. Recently, in 2017 at Minia University, the adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the Pediatric Voice Related Quality of Life (PVRQOL) survey, called Arabic Pediatric voice-Related Quality of Life (APV-RQOL) was done by means of translation and cultural adaptation of the instrument and by obtaining psychometric measures of validity and reliability. It seems to be a useful tool for assessing children with dysphonia also; it appears to be a useful questionnaire for the initial assessment of children with voice disorders as well as for evaluation over time. The APVRQOL provides additional information for the clinician to better understand the manner in which parents perceive the voice of their children. In this study, one hundred thirty (130) children were included. These children have been categorized into 2 main groups as follows: study group: contained 65 children with dysphonia due to functional (non- organic) causes or due to Minimal Associated Pathological Lesions (MAPLs). Control group: contained 65 controls, subjectively without vocal or any physical complaints. The comparison between the study and control groups revealed:Highly statistically significant differences between them regarding total APVRQOL and its two domains.