الفهرس 
VitiligoOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin and mucous membranes that is characterized clinically by the development of well-circumscribed white macules and patches of skin and hair with absence of melanocytes microscopically.
Interleukin 12 (IL-12), a pro-inflammatory heterodimeric cytokine, is the first member of the IL-12 cytokine family, also including IL-23, IL-27 and IL-35.
In vitiligo, prominent features are apoptosis of melanocytes and keratinocytes caused by cytotoxic immune reaction, and breakdown of functional melanocyte-keratinocyte crosstalk required for normal pigmentation. There is convincing evidence that the damage and loss of melanocytes in vitiligo is mediated by autoimmune attack of CD8+ T cells. The trigger for this cell-mediated reaction is unknown.
This study included 50 patients suffering from vitiligo (group A) and 50 apparently healthy individuals of matched age and sex as a control group (group B). Patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Dermatology and Andrology Department of Benha University Hospitals in the period between March 2019 and March 2020.
All patients were enrolled in the study had:
• Clinically typical vitiligo lesions with different clinical varieties of vitiligo, and disease extent that was assessed by body surface area (BSA) % affected.
• Patients with vitiligo associated with systemic disease were excluded as; bronchial asthma and type1diabetes mellitus.
• Patients with segmental vitiligo were excluded.
• Patients with other diseases associated with IL-12 gene polymorphism as; multiple sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis vulgaris, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, crohn’s disease hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharyngeal cancer, cervical cancer, brain tumor, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and tuberculosis were excluded.
All patients were subjected to the followings
1. Full history taking
2. Clinical examination
3. Laboratory investigations
The collected data was revised, coded and tabulated using Statistical package for Social Science (IBM Corp. Released 2017. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Data were presented and suitable analysis was done according to the type of data obtained for each parameter.
• Shapiro test was done to test the normality of data distribution.
• Significant data was considered to be nonparametric.
The current study suggests a possible involvement of IL-12 genetic polymorphism in the development of vitiligo lesions, and it could be considered as a possible marker for screening of early disease. We found that the IL12B rs3212227 AC, CC, AC+CC genotypes and C allele had significantly higher frequencies in cases when compared to control groups with risk to develop vitiligo. Notably, our results showed that IL-12 genetic polymorphism was significantly associated with characteristics of disease severity such as body surface area (BSA), disease duration, and frequency of progressive disease.
Positive family history and CC genotype were considered risk predictors of vitiligo susceptibility.