الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
cesarean delivery (also called cesarean section and cesarean birth) is often cited as the most common major surgical procedure performed in an operating room.
Cesarean delivery is performed when the clinician and/or patient believe that abdominal delivery is likely to provide a better maternal and/or fetal outcome than vaginal delivery. Thus, indications for cesarean delivery fall into two general categories: medically/obstetrically indicated, or on maternal request.
Although infrequent, cesarean delivery is also indicated in women who are at increased risk for complications/injury from cervical dilation, descent and expulsion of the fetus, or episiotomy. Some examples include women with invasive cervical cancer, active perianal inflammatory bowel disease, or history of repair of a rectovaginal fistula or pelvic organ prolapse. Cesarean delivery on maternal request is uncommon. Cesarean delivery is not routinely indicated for low birth and most congenital anomalies.
This retrospective randomized allocated observational study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology at maternity hospital of Ain Shams University to review all cases delivered by cesarean section and assess the rate of related complications from 2012 to 2018.
The target sample size 840 was distributied among study years proportional to the relative frequency of cesarean section of each year to the total of all study years.
Statistical analysis of current study showed that there was gradual increase in incidence of CS throughout study years. There was no significant association between the study years and maternal age, gestational age at delivery and parity. Spinal anesthesia significantly increased by advancement of study years. Previous CS (elective) significantly increased by advancement of study years; (p= 0.008). While oligohydramnios and macro fetus significantly decreased. There was no significant association between the study years and NICU admission and neonatal mortality. Keeping under observation was significantly increased by advancement of study years. There was no significant association between the study years and blood transfusion, uterine rupture and maternal mortality. Complications-free were significantly increased by advancement of study years. While atonic postpartum hemorrhage, ICU admission, hysterectomy, and visceral injury were significantly decreased by advancement of study years.