الفهرس 
الفصل الأول: مشكلة البحث، وخطة دراستهايوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Research summary in English
Research summary, findings, recommendations, and proposed research
The research summary aims to present the most important findings of the research, and to provide some recommendations and suggested research in light of the results of the results, and the following is an explanation:
First: Research Summary:
This summary includes two main components:
A- The theoretical framework for research.
B - The experimental framework for research.
A- The theoretical framework for research:
The researcher presented the theoretical framework in two chapters: the first and the second.
The first chapter dealt with an overview of the research plan, including the research problem, its importance, objectives, limits, assumptions, methodology, materials, tools, terminology, steps, and procedures.
The second chapter deals with “PLAN” strategy, reading comprehension skills, and written expression, and has been divided into four axes, namely:
- Reading comprehension: its concept, nature, components, importance, models, and levels.
- Written expression: its concept, characteristics, importance, types, skills, foundations of its teaching, methods of evaluation, and its relationship to reading comprehension.
- “PLAN” strategy : its concept, innovation, steps, importance, principles of use, and the role of teacher and learner in it.
- characteristics of primary school pupils: physical, cognitive, social, linguistic and cognitive characteristics.
B- The experimental framework for research:
The researcher presented the experimental framework for the research in the third and fourth chapters thereof. In the third chapter, the field study was presented: its tools and procedures, and they were:
Preparing research tools by building lists of reading comprehension and written expression skills, preparing the two tests, preparing the student book and the teacher’s guide, then conducting the field experiment by choosing the research group, experimental design for it, adjusting its variables, applying its tools, some difficulties in application, and methods of overcoming them, Then dealt with the statistical methods used.
The fourth chapter presented the results of the research and its interpretation through answering the first and second questions, an explanation of their results, and a general discussion of the research results. To find out the extent of the impact of using the ”PLAN” strategy on developing reading comprehension skills and written expression, then presenting research recommendations and its most important proposals.
Second: The most important results of the research:
The researcher developed some skills of reading comprehension and written expression through the use of the ”PLAN” strategy. The results can be summarized as follows:
- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post application to test reading comprehension skills in favor of the experimental group.
- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post application of the test of written expression skills in favor of the experimental group.
Third: Recommendations and Suggested Research:
A- Recommendations:
In light of the results of the research, a set of recommendations can be presented that may benefit teaching Arabic language skills in general, and reading comprehension and written expression in particular, and can be summarized as follows:
- Seeking to develop the traditional stereotype of presenting lessons by reviewing the latest educational methods and strategies.
- The importance of activating training courses for teachers that may be held theoretically, and the need for active participation by the teacher, and this active participation is not relying on the theoretical part, and the teacher / trainee is satisfied with the role of the passive recipient only, but there is a need for practical application in the exercises that allows each teacher / Trained by applying all that has been trained on.
- Activating the continuous follow-up of the impact of these trainings on the performance of teachers, and its reflection on the level of students, and this follow-up can be done through technical guidance that must be qualified for that.
- The need to benefit from university professors in laying out the outlines of training programs while supervising the implementation of these training; Because of their constant knowledge of modern teaching methods.
- Determining reading comprehension skills in the academic curricula in proportion to each class, and including them in the objectives of teaching the Arabic language, with the possibility of using the list reached by this research.
- Reconsidering the status of the written expression and putting it in its original place; This requires clarification of his skills that are specific to each academic stage, and defining a specific course for his most important skills and areas that pertain to the specific grade, which means the inclusion of written expression in the course for each grade. Because of its great importance, with the possibility of making use of the list reached by this research.
- Work to develop a specific scale with clear levels and visible standards to correct the written expression, and not leave the process of correcting it subject to whims and special theories, and the study provides a scale for correcting the written expression for reference in that.
- Working on the inclusion of modern strategies, especially the ”PLAN” strategy, in the presentation of the curricula, which contributes to clarity and raises the attention of students.
- The need to take into account the complementarity between the branches of the Arabic language in the presentation of lessons and academic courses; Because of this great role in creating interdependence between skills, and their development in general, and the development of written expression skills in particular.
- Taking into account the focus on developing Arabic language skills in designing curricula rather than on dry information. Information has multiple sources, and it is easy to obtain, and the principle is the development of skill, as it is the basis for correct access to information, and attention must be paid to quality, not quantity.
- Directing students’ attention to the status of written expression, and motivating them to write topics by publishing them in the wall magazine or presenting them on the educational radio, taking into account changing the stereotypical method of teaching expression that may make them feel bored.
Providing an atmosphere of freedom for pupils to choose the topics of reading by allocating a class for free reading and writing expression by allowing them to write the topics they want. This may increase their motivation towards reading and written expression with the possibility of urging them to write topics that develop the patriotism of students.
- Drawing the researchers’ attention to trying to find methods and strategies that contribute to developing Arabic language skills in general, reading comprehension skills and written expression in particular, with a focus on strategies that are applied remotely. So that it can be used in exceptional circumstances such as the ”Corona” pandemic.
- The need to find a method that contributes to the attendance of primary school pupils, especially to schools, regularly instead of just two days; As the two days are not sufficient to satisfy the students’ desires for education, and meet their needs for it.
- The possibility of benefiting from foreign strategies and researches in proportion to the environment and the nature of the Arabic language, while opening the way for researchers to develop these strategies and build on them, And motivating them to devise methods and strategies from their creativity - and if they fail, failure is the beginning of success - and our Arab heritage is full of treasures that need someone to scan, highlight, and reproduce as modern educational aids. B- Proposed research:
In light of the findings and recommendations, the research suggests conducting the following studies and research:
- Using the ”PLAN” strategy in developing rhetorical concepts and reflective thinking among secondary school students.
- Using the ”PLAN” strategy in developing functional expression skills and linguistic creativity.
- Use the developed PLANS strategy to develop listening and speaking skills.
- Using the developed ”PLANT” strategy in developing grammar and self-management.
- Using the ”PLAN” strategy in developing the skills of literary texts analysis and self-evaluation.
- The effect of using the ”PLAN” strategy in teaching literature on the development of academic achievement and critical thinking skills.
- The effect of primary school pupils’ level of reading comprehension on their achievement in other branches of language.