الفهرس 
? Physiology of MicturitionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Enuresis (synonymous with intermittent nocturnal incontinence) refers to discrete episodes of urinary incontinence during sleep in children ≥5 years of age. Enuresis can be divided into primary enuresis (PE) and secondary enuresis (SE). A child who has never been dry is considered to have PE; a child who has been continent for at least 6 months before the onset of the bedwetting is considered to have SE. The pathogenesis of PE is similar to that of SE.
Aim of the Study: To compare between the levels of Vitamin D - as an important factor in growth and development - in primary monosymptomatic enuretic and non-enuretic children.
Patients and Methods: This is a case control study was performed in Ain Shams University Hospitals, Damanhour National Medical Institute. The study started on February 2020. The study included 60 children with primary mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis selected randomly and 60 healthy children age and sex matched children as a control group.
Results: We found that 61.7% of cases in the NE group had low Vit.D level (<20ng/ml) compared with 40% in the control group and this difference is statistically significant
Conclusion: Our study indicates that there is a significant relationship between primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and serum vitamin D deficiency.