الفهرس 
Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is one of the most common causes of neonatal respiratory failure and neonatal mortality, especially in premature infants, who tend to have very low birth weight. Transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is another very common neonatal respiratory condition and can be very difficult to differentiate from RDS.
Therefore, accurate and timely diagnosis is extremely important in order to enable efficient treatment and improve the prognosis of patients with lung diseases. In the past, the diagnosis of lung disease mainly depended on chest radiography and/or CT. However, the use of these imaging techniques is limited due to transportation and inevitable radiation. Ultrasound imaging is based on the reflection and scattering of ultrasound beam occurring at the interfaces between different media.
The present study was designed to diagnose transient tachypnea of newborn and differentiate it from respiratory distress syndrome using lung ultrasound.
OUR study included 120 cases of newborns admitted to our NICU in Menoufia university hospital during the period between July 2018 and July 2020.
The study included 90 cases (54 males and 36 females) diagnosed as TTN, and 30 cases (16 males and 14 females) diagnosed as RDS by clinical examination and chest X-ray, while by lung ultrasound examination 93 cases have been diagnosed as TTN and only 27 cases diagnosed as RDS and so 3 cases have been diagnosed as RDS by clinical examination and chest X-ray but by lung ultrasound did not show lung consolidation or air bronchogram so finally diagnosed as TTN.
In our study 90 cases of TTN represent (75%) and RDS are 30 cases represent (25%).
The absence of antenatal steroids increases the risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity as 93 (77.5%) cases have not received antenatal steroids.
Lung consolidation and air bronchogram presented only in RDS (100%) and have not been detected in any case of TTN.
Double lung point (appears due to a difference in severity or nature of pathological changes in different areas of the lung) presented only in TTN, (80 % of cases of TTN) and not in cases of RDS
B – line finding on lung ultrasound presented in (20%) of cases of TTN and not presents in cases of RDS .
Summary & Conclusion
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Conclusion
In view of our study we concluded that LUS can accurately diagnose TTN. Alveolar-interstitial syndrome, double lung point and B-line are the primary ultrasound characteristics of TTN.
TTN can be ruled out in the presence of lung consolidation with air bronchograms.
The primary ultrasonic feature of RDS is lung consolidation with air bronchograms without DLP, while the most specific ultrasonic feature of TTN is DLP without lung consolidation. So, LUS is not only useful to diagnose TTN and RDS but also valuable to differentiate TTN from RDS.