الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cancer comprises at least 100 different diseases, and each is classified
by the type of cell that is initially affected. Breast cancer is a type of cancer
originating from breast tissue, most commonly from the inner lining of milk
ducts or the lobules that supply the ducts with milk. Cancers originating
from ducts are known as ductal carcinomas, while those originating from
lobules are known as lobular carcinomas. Breast cancer occurs in humans
and other mammals remainder of the breast is made up of fatty, connective,
and lymphatic tissue. Most masses are benign; that is, they are not
cancerous, do not grow uncontrollably or spread, and are not lifethreatening.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the antitumor activity of nine
Schiff base complexes in Nano size particles against breast cancer cell lines
MCF-7 (invitro study), and the toxicity of these complexes against normal
animals by measuring :
Methodology:
Transmission electron microscope: TEM samples for the colloidal
suspensions of all nine tested metal complexes in dis.water were
prepared by dropping the colloids onto carbon-coated TEM grids
(Carbon coated Cu grids, Ted Pella, Redding, CA, USA) and allowing
the liquid carrier to evaporate in air then assaying by a JEOL 1230
transmission electron microscope (120 kV).
Invitro study: The chemotherapeutic effect was measured in vitro for
the synthesized complexes using the Sulfo-Rhodamine-B-stain (SRB).
The chemotherapeutic activity of the tested complex NPs determined
by comparing it with the standard drug (Vinblastine Sulfate).
Animals: 90 healthy male albino rats 8 weeks old (180 - 200 g) were
purchased from National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt. Rats were
housed in cages at regulated temperature (22- 25 °C). They were kept
under good ventilation under a photoperiod of 12-h light/12-h
darkness schedule with lights-on from 06:00 to 18:00. They all
received a standard laboratory diet (60% ground corn meal, 10% bran,
15% ground beans, 10% corn oil, 3% casein, 1% mineral mixture and
1% vitamins mixture), purchased from Meladco Feed Company (Obor
City, Cairo, Egypt) and supplied with drinking water throughout the
experimental period.
Acute toxicity study: Determination of lethal dose 50 (LD50) using
experimental animals. In screening drugs, determination of LD50 is
usually an initial step in the assessment and evaluation of the toxic
characteristics of a substance. The LD50 of the studied compounds was
determined as described by Akhila et al.
Invivo study: Animals were allowed 10 days for adaptation. They
were then randomly distributed into 5 equal groups, 10 rats each. The
animal groups were recognized as follows:
1- group 1 (Control): Normal healthy control animals.
2- group 2: Each animal was injected intra peritoneal with 1x10-5
mmole/L of complex (1) for 6 weeks.
3- group 3: Each animal was injected intra peritoneal with 1x10-5
mmole/L of complex (2) for 6 weeks.
4- group 4: Each animal was injected intra peritoneal with 1x10-5
mmole/L of complex (8) for 6 weeks.
5- group 5: Each animal was injected intra peritoneal with 1x10-5
mmole/L of complex (9) for 6 weeks.
Blood collection and tissue preparation: At the end of the
experimental period (6 weeks), blood samples were collected from
overnight rats, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min and the separated
sera were frozen at -20 °C for future biochemical analysis.
Biochemical analysis: Liver enzymes activities, aspartate
aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were
estimated using kinetic kits purchased by Human Diagnostic Kits,
Germany. The liver function, albumin concentration and kidney
functions, blood urea and serum creatinine were measured using
Diamond Diagnostic kits, Egypt. All biochemical analysis were
determined using a Biosystems BTS-310 Spectrophotometer.
Results: The obtained data indicate the surviving fraction ratio
against MCF-7 tumor cell line increasing with the decrease of the
concentration in the range of the tested concentrations. This can be
explained as some metal ions bind to DNA. It seems that, changing
the anion and the nature of the metal ion has effect on the biological
behavior, due to alter binding ability of DNA binding, so testing of
different complexes is very interesting from this point of view.
Chemotherapeutic activity of the complexes may be attributed to the
central metal atom which was explained by Tweedy’s chelation
theory. Also, the positive charge of the metal increases the acidity of
coordinated ligand that bears protons, leading to stronger hydrogen
bonds which enhance the biological activity. Moreover, metal has
been suggested to facilitate oxidated tissue injury through a freeradical mediated pathway analogous to the Fenton reaction.
from all of the above, the tested complexes NPs have a great
efficacy against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7).