الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
• Infertility in horses is defined as the inability of a mare to conceive. Many factors can affect the ability of mares to produce offspring. Lack of estrous cycle in mares, ovarian tumors, endometritis, endometrial cysts are such problems that can impair fertility in mares.
• In our study, ultrasound was used to diagnose infertility problems in arabian mares which was carried out during Septembers 2017 to December 2018. This study was carried out on 100 mares (60 mares were reared in private farms in Subratah City-Libya and 40 mares were reared in private farms on Cairo-Alex desert road-Egypt).
• Endometritis was diagnosed in 35 mares with a percentage of 35% at which the most prevalent bacteria in collected uterine swabs were E coli (33.33%) followed by Streptococcus spp and klebsiella spp (15.15% each) then Staphylococcus spp (9.09%) and finally Pseudomonas (3.03%).
• Ultrasonographic examination of the scanned mares revealed that the mean uterine horn diameter was bigger in mares with endometritis comparing to that of mares without endometritis and mean uterine wall thickness was significantly thicker in mares with endometritis.
• In the current study, ultrasonographic scanning of the uterus of repeat breeding mares revealed that 20 (20%) mares out of 100 showed endometrial cysts with diffeeent size and numbers.
• Ultrasonographic scanning of mares ovaries in our study revealed that 40 (40%) out of 100 mares exhibit small smooth or inactive ovaries as the ovaries were appeared small in size and carry small growing follicles of less than 2 cm in diameter.
• Unilateral granulosa cell tumors were observed by ultrasonographic scanning in five (5%) mares with anestrus showing no behavioral changes aging from 3-6 years.