الفهرس 
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Abstract
P. multocida is a gram negative bacteria and one of the most important pathogenic bacteria which is the main causative agent of fowl cholera which has been proven since 1881 by Louis Pasteur in. The Pasteurella multocida were recognized to be the main cause of many diseases in veterinary society and can also transport to human through bites or abrasions from infected animals, or through the direct interaction to its respiratory secretions of infected animals.
In the present study Pasteurella multocida Type A strain which has been used in the previous study gently delivered from the Department of Microbiology, Animal Health Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo. This strain was identified and verified to be Pasteurella multocida strain through a multi-step procedure, beginning by growing it on Blood agar, Maconcky agar plates and nutrient broth, using crystal violet stain and identification with Bio- Merieux VITEK® 2 system which revealed that it is a member of family pasteurellaceace particularly Pasteurella multocida. Then from this strain determine the role of PMGs as a potential vaccine against fowl cholera in female mice. Pasteurella multocida ghosts (PMGs), the nonliving empty envelops were generated by using the minimum growth concentration (MGC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium bicarbonate (CaHCOs). sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The aim of this work was to study if generated PMGs would be able to protect mice from fowl cholera by this pathogen. So for determining the immunologically properties and defensive efficiency of PMGs. forty mice were used which divided into four groups each of ten mice.
group (1): mice were immunized three times by adjuvants + PMGs, group (2): mice were immunized with PMGs only, group (3): mice were received saline, group (4): mice were received adjuvant. All of mice were subcutaneously injected.
After six weeks all groups were intraperitoneally injected with live bacteria for challenging.
After animal scarification. Blood samples, spleen, liver, kidney and lung have been collected from individual mouse the following results were obtained:
- The total splenocyte count in the normal groups almost approximated the normal splenocytes count range in mice, but vaccinated mice showed the highest count and such increase also contributed to increased counts of lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes.
- Humoral immune response which estimated by Western immune-blotting of PMGs, revealed clear antigen-antibody interaction. Also, this immune response was investigated with ELISA assay in mice sera which showed significant inducing antibodies titers.
- This result showed that PMGs vaccine induced humoral immune response providing complete protection against Pasteurella multocida. The immunization of mice with PMGs could induce the immune system.
- The Opsonophagocytic assay were significantly increased in vaccinated groups compared to non- vaccinated groups, while, the histopathological study confirmed this result in the architectures of the liver cells w’hich showed increase of kupffer cells.
- Our findings have promising implications for future P. multocida vaccine research using critical chemical production because it is a simple, easy and lower cost than the other method (E lysis gene).