الفهرس 
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Abstract
Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability in developing counties. In – service training is a strategy for improving healthcare providers’ trauma‑related knowledge and skills. Not only multidisciplinary education based on advanced trauma life support can reduce the waiting time for specialized care services, but also facilitates patient transfer from the emergency department to the operating room, shorten patient stay in the emergency department and it is partially effective in alleviating overcrowding (Heydari, Mohamadirizi & Nasr-Esfahanai, 2020).
Timing is crucial when caring for an injured patient. An injured patient requires a systematic, rapid, and thorough assessment to identify and treat immediate life-threatening injuries. Performing an assessment using a logical, organized approach ensures that a rapid, thorough appraisal is completed, leading to the most beneficial outcomes possible for the patient. The integral components of the pre-hospital report must be communicated and acknowledged to allow for careful preparation, triage and planning for the patient’s arrival prior to the initial assessment being completed (Society of Trauma Nurses, 2018).
Aim of the study:
The aim of present study was to determine the effect of an educational program on emergency nurses’ performance regarding advanced care of trauma patients through the following objectives:-
1. Assess the emergency nurses’ level of performance (knowledge & practice) regarding advanced care of trauma patients.
2. Develop and implement an educational program for emergency nurses’ performance (knowledge & practice) regarding advanced care of trauma patients.
3. Evaluate the effect of the educational program on emergency nurses’ level of performance (knowledge & practice) regarding advanced care of trauma patients.
Results:
• The demographic characteristics of the studied nurses included in the study. As related to age, a slightly less than two thirds (65.7%) of the studied nurses were between (20-30) years with mean age 28.51 ± 7.74 years.
• As well as, a slightly more than three quarters (77.1%) were males. As regards to the marital status, the majority of the studied nurses 71.4% were married. While, More than half (57.1%) had technical institute and less than one third (31.4%) had a bachelor degree of nursing.
• Concerning years of experience, more than one third (40%) had experienced more than 10 years with a mean 4.95 ± 3.86. Adding to that, more than a half (54.3%) of them attended training courses besides that the majority (73.7%) of nurses who attended training courses had benefited from it.
• More improvement was indicated among the studied nurses` satisfactory level of knowledge and competent level of practice post the educational program implementation.
• There is a highly statistically significant relation between demographic characteristics (age, marital status, level of education, years of experience and training courses) and the nurses’ level knowledge regarding preparation and triage of (x2 = 21.6, x2 = 16.25, x2 = 19.88, x2 = 28.55 & x2 = 24.82, respectively at P =.000) at pre implementation.
• Also, there was a highly statistically significant relation between (level of education, benefits from courses) and emergency nurses’ level of knowledge regarding triage of (x2 = 27.24 & x2 = 19, respectively at P =.000). As well as, there is statistically significant relation between (years of experience, training courses) and emergency nurses’ level of knowledge regarding triage of (x2 = 12.27 at P =.002 & x2 = 6.92 at P =.008, respectively) for post implementation phase.
• Whereas, there was a highly statistically significant relation between level of (education, years of experience and training courses) and emergency nurses’ level of knowledge regarding triage (x2 = 14.42 at P =.001 & x2 = 30.54 & x2 = 16.62 at P =.000, respectively).
• Besides, there was a statistically significant relation between (age, marital status and benefits from training courses) and emergency nurses’ level of knowledge regarding triage of (x2 = 7.30 at P =.007 & x2 = 5.60 & x2 = 6.10 at P =.01, respectively) for follow up phase during implementation of the educational courses.
• There was highly a statistically significant difference regarding effect of an educational program on emergency nurses’ level knowledge about (preparation, triage, primary survey and secondary survey) and the total level of knowledge regarding advanced care of trauma patients at pre, post and follow up phases during implementation of the educational program of (Q= 15.10 at p=0.001 & Q= 15.75, Q=18.30 and Q=22.52 respectively at P=0.000).
• There was a highly statistically significant difference regarding effect of an educational program on emergency nurses’ level of practice for (preparation, triage, primary survey and secondary survey) and nurses’ total level of practice for advanced care of trauma patients at pre, post and follow up phases during implementation of the educational program of (Q= 28.50 at p=0.001 & Q= 25.33, Q=18.08 and Q=24.11, respectively at P=0.000).
• There was a statistically significant relation between nurses′ total level of knowledge and total level of practice for the care of patients with advanced trauma at pre implementation phase of the educational program of (x2 =8.57 at p=0.003*).
• While, there was a highly statistically significant relation between the total emergency nurses’ level of knowledge and total level of practice for the care of patients with advanced trauma at post and follow up implementation phases of the educational program of (x2 =10.98 at p=0.001** & x2 =27.09 at p=0.000**), respectively.
• There is a significant positive correlation between the total level of nurses′ knowledge and total level of nurses′ practice regarding care for patients of advanced trauma at pre, post and follow up phases of the educational program implementation.