الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition which is considered as the
number one killer among all chronic diseases. Presently, it ranks as the fourth
most common cause of mortality with coronary artery disease. DM takes an
epidemic form and its prevalence is increasing at a scary rate
Diabetes mellitus prevalence continues to increase mainly due to the
changes in life styles resulting in physical inactivity and increased obesity. It
was estimated that diabetes affected 285 million adults (20–79 years)
worldwide in 2010, and this figure will increase to 439 million adults by 2030
Diabetes mellitus is influenced by a web of factors, some of which are
related to physiology, genetics, health behaviours, social and economic statuses
In adults, type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases
of diabetes
Adults diagnosed with diabetes during middle age used to live on average
ten years less than adults without diabetes. Between 1997 and 2006, the death
rate among adults with diabetes declined by 23 percent for all-causes of death
and by an extraordinary 40 percent for cardiovascular disease.These
remarkable improvements were due to National Institute of Health (NIH) that
demonstrated how effective monitoring glucose metabolism is in controlling
type 2 diabetes and preventing its complications
Type 2 diabetes is one of the major public health concerns in both the
developing and developed countries. There are different types of diabetes; Type
2 is the most common kind of diabetes in adults and accounts for about 90–
95% of all diagnosed cases. Fewer people have type 1diabetes, which most
often develops in children, adolescents or young adults. Type 2 diabetes is the
most common metabolic disorder worldwide.