الفهرس 
cover englishOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 196 |  |  |
| | | from | 196 | | |
Abstract
The importance of small ruminants is primarily associated with three important reasons: economic, managerial and
biological. Economic advantages include low initial investment and correspondingly smaller risk of loss from
individual deaths. Managerial considerations favour their care by unpaid family labour and limited resource use for
the supply of meat and milk in quantities suitable for immediate family consumption. Biological factors include
possible preference over large ruminants, food, and reproductive efficiency, and in turn, economic use of the available
land for maximum product output in terms of meat, milk, wool, hair, and hides from both species. Sheep and goats
are a generational legacy in the State of Kuwait, so this study was designed to record surgical affections in sheep and
goats in the state of Kuwait. The study was conducted from October 2017 to October 2019 in different farms and
hospital belonging to Public authority for agriculture affairs and fish resources - Kuwait City, Kuwait. from the
obtained data, a total number of 658 small ruminants (385 sheep and 273 goats) suffered from different surgical
affections were recorded. The incidence of these affections varied in both species and different ages. Sixty surgical
affections were recorded among sheep and goats (14 congenital and 46 acquired affections representing 17.9% and
82.1% respectively). In the present work, the surgical affections were classified in systematic manner into urogenital
system (18.54%) (sheep, 20.5% and goats, 15.8%), udder and teat (14.29%) (sheep, 15.6% and goats, 12.5%),
digestive system (13.37%) (sheep, 14.5% and goats, 11.7%), integumentary system (13.07%) (sheep, 12.2% and goats,
14.3%), musculoskeletal system (12.31%) (sheep, 10.1% and goats, 15.4%), abdominal wall (10.49%) (sheep, 10.6%
and goats, 10.3%), eye (9.42%) (sheep, 8.3% and goats, 11.0%), ear (5.47%) (sheep, 4.2% and goats, 7.3%) and
respiratory system (3.04%) (sheep, 3.9% and goats 1.8%). Congenital anomalies more prevalent in goats than sheep.
Metabolic, nutritional and infectious surgical conditions were more common in sheep, however traumatic affections
more in goats. In the present study, rare cases were recorded for first time in the state of Kuwait including buried
penis in ram, sticking out of tongue in 12 goats, atresia ani in adult one ewe and three goats, narrow nostril of 25
sheep, hematoma in unilateral testis of a buck and enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA) in one sheep and three goats.
While sheep and goats share many surgical affections due to their anatomical and physiological similarities, there is a
distinct nature of each species that makes some disorders more dominant in one species than the other. According to
the authors’ knowledge, the present study was the first record of different surgical affections among sheep and goats in the state of Kuwait.